Molecular basis of olfaction in Tsetse fly
采采蝇嗅觉的分子基础
基本信息
- 批准号:10066218
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 6.93万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2020
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2020-07-01 至 2023-06-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AfricaAfrica South of the SaharaAfricanAfrican TrypanosomiasisAnimal DiseasesAnimalsAnopheles gambiaeBehaviorBiologyBloodCRISPR/Cas technologyCanis familiarisCattleCodeComplexCountryCuesCulicidaeDevelopmentDiseaseDistantDrosophila genusDrosophila melanogasterEconomic BurdenElectrophysiology (science)EnvironmentFeedsFemaleFruitGenesGenetic VectorsHumanImpairmentIn Situ HybridizationIncidenceInsectaLarvaLeadMammalsMeasuresMolecularMolecular BiologyNeuronsNew AgentsOdorant ReceptorsOdorsOlfactory PathwaysOperating SystemOperative Surgical ProceduresPanthera leoPartner in relationshipPheromonePheromone ReceptorsPhylogenetic AnalysisPhysiologicalPlantsReceptor GeneRecording of previous eventsResearchRiskSmell PerceptionSystemTestingTrainingTransgenic OrganismsTrypanosomiasisTsetse FliesVaccinesZebrabasebehavior testbehavioral responsedesigneggexperiencefeedingflygenome editinghuman diseasein vivoinsightinterestmalaria mosquitomalemutantnaganaoffspringpregnantpreventreceptorresponsesex
项目摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY
The tsetse fly transmits trypanosomiasis to humans and animals across ~38 countries of Africa.
In humans the disease is called African Sleeping Sickness. There is no vaccine to prevent it, and 70
million people are at risk. In animals the disease is called nagana, and it imposes a major economic
burden on sub-Saharan Africa. The most effective means of preventing these diseases is to control
the tsetse flies that transmit them, and olfactory traps have been particularly useful. Tsetse flies find
their human and animal hosts largely through olfactory cues. Better understanding of the tsetse
olfactory system may lead to better means of control.
This proposal focuses on odorant receptors of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans, with highest
priority accorded to receptors whose expression is well characterized in the tsetse antenna. The
experimental plan calls for an analysis of the response profiles of these GmmOr receptors, which will
be accomplished by an electrophysiological screen of 130 odorants. Many of these odorants are
human or animal host emanations. The panel includes a set of odorants that have previously been
tested against the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster or the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae, to
facilitate comparison of the G. morsitans receptors with the receptor repertoires of these species. The
GmmOr receptors will be tested in an in vivo expression system, the "empty neuron" system. We will
determine whether the receptors are broadly or narrowly tuned, and whether any respond to low
concentrations of host odorants. Odorants that elicit strong responses will be tested behaviorally to
determine whether they are strong attractants of G. morsitans. Odorants that elicit a strong attractive
response at low concentrations may be useful as trapping agents. Olfactory behavior will also be
examined as a function of sex and feeding history; several key hypotheses will be tested.
The proposal should provide the first detailed functional characterization of odorant receptors in
tsetse. The experimental plan is designed to produce valuable new information about the olfactory
responses of this fly. The study could also identify new agents useful in controlling tsetse and the
diseases that it carries.
The proposal will provide training in electrophysiology, molecular biology, genetics, and vector
biology to Dr. Shimaa Ebrahim, who has little or no experience in these topics. The project will benefit
from an environment that contains a great deal of expertise in insect olfaction. Moreover, Yale is one
of the world's centers of tsetse research.
项目摘要
采采蝇将锥虫病传播给非洲约38个国家的人类和动物。
在人类中,这种疾病被称为非洲睡眠病。没有疫苗可以预防,70
数百万人处于危险之中。在动物中,这种疾病被称为Nagana,
撒哈拉以南非洲的负担。预防这些疾病最有效的方法是控制
传播它们的采采蝇,嗅觉陷阱特别有用。采采蝇发现
它们主要通过嗅觉来吸引人类和动物宿主。更好地了解采采蝇
嗅觉系统可能会导致更好的控制手段。
这项建议的重点是采采蝇Glossina morsitans的气味受体,
优先考虑在采采蝇触角中表达特征良好的受体。的
实验计划要求分析这些GmmOr受体的反应谱,这将
通过130种气味的电生理学筛选来完成。这些气味剂中的许多是
人类或动物宿主散发物。该面板包括一组气味剂,
对果蝇黑腹果蝇或疟疾蚊子冈比亚按蚊进行了测试,
便于比较G. Morsitans受体与这些物种的受体库。的
GmmOr受体将在体内表达系统“空神经元”系统中进行测试。我们将
确定受体是否广泛或狭隘的调整,以及是否有任何反应,低
宿主气味剂的浓度。引起强烈反应的气味剂将进行行为测试,
判断它们是否是G. Morsitans。气味能引起强烈的吸引力
在低浓度下的响应可用作捕获剂。嗅觉行为也会
作为性别和喂养史的功能检查;几个关键的假设将进行测试。
该提案应提供第一个详细的功能特性的气味受体,
采采蝇该实验计划旨在产生关于嗅觉的有价值的新信息
这只苍蝇的反应。这项研究还可以确定用于控制采采蝇的新药剂,
它携带的疾病。
该提案将提供电生理学、分子生物学、遗传学和载体方面的培训。
生物学博士Shimaa Ebrahim,谁在这些主题很少或根本没有经验。该项目将有利于
从一个包含大量昆虫嗅觉专业知识的环境中。此外,耶鲁是一个
世界采采蝇研究中心之一
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Shimaa abdelsalam mohamed Ebrahim其他文献
Shimaa abdelsalam mohamed Ebrahim的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Shimaa abdelsalam mohamed Ebrahim', 18)}}的其他基金
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