Impaired Astroglial Glutamate Signaling in Rett Syndrome
Impaired Astroglial Glutamate Signaling in Rett Syndrome
批准号:
10116102
负责人:
Wei Li
金额:
$40.84万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2020
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2020-09-30 至 2024-08-31
关键词:
Adrenergic alpha-AntagonistsAffectAstrocytesBehaviorBehavior assessmentBehavioralBrainBrain DiseasesCellsConfocal MicroscopyCorpus striatum structureDataDopamineEquilibriumEtiologyExcitatory SynapseFemaleFunctional disorderGaitGenesGenetic TranscriptionGlutamate TransporterGlutamatesGroomingHand functionsHomeostasisHumanImageImpairmentIndividualKnockout MiceLearningLinkLocomotionLong-Term DepressionLong-Term PotentiationMachine LearningMediatingMembraneMethyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2MosaicismMotorMotor ActivityMusMutationNeurogliaNeuronsPathologicPharmacologyPlayPresynaptic TerminalsResolutionRett SyndromeRoleSeizuresSignal TransductionSliceSpeechSynapsesSynaptic TransmissionSynaptic plasticityTestingTimeWalkingWhole-Cell RecordingsWomanWorkautism spectrum disorderbasecell typeconditional knockoutextracellularfield studyglutamatergic signalingimaging systemin vivolearning classifierloss of function mutationmotor controlmotor deficitmouse modelneuronal circuitryoptogeneticsoverexpressionrepetitive behaviorsensory integrationsevere intellectual disability
中文摘要
文摘
英文摘要
ABSTRACT
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a leading cause of severe intellectual disability in women. Individuals with RTT develop
typically until 6-18 months, when autism-like behaviors as well as deficits in purposeful hand use and speech
start to develop. Loss-of-function mutations in the X-linked transcriptional regulator methyl-CpG-binding protein
2 (MECP2) occur in >95% of RTT cases. Initially, MeCP2 deficiency in neurons was considered as the exclusive
cause of RTT, but recent studies have revealed that glial cells lacking functional MeCP2 also have a significant
pathological role in RTT etiology. However, specific cellular mechanisms of glial cell dysfunction underlying this
role or its behavioral consequences have not been identified. In this study, we propose to examine the
contribution of a specific glial subtype, astrocytes, to the dysfunction of the striatum responsible for motor deficits
in a Mecp2-based mouse model for RTT. Astrocytes expressing the Slc1a2 gene encoding glutamate
transporter-1 (GLT-1, also EAAT2) have a pivotal role in regulating extracellular glutamate levels. We propose
to characterize the contribution of GLT-1 dysfunction to glutamate signaling in conditional knockout (cKO) mice
lacking Mecp2 only in astrocytes using a combination of experimental approaches, including whole-cell
intracellular recordings and optogenetics in striatal slices, time-lapse imaging of intracellular Ca2+ and
extracellular glutamate and dopamine, near-super resolution confocal microscopy, and quantitative behavioral
assessments using machine-learning classifiers. Our preliminary results indicate lower expression levels of
Slc1a2 in the striatum of constitutive Mecp2 KO mice, consistent with smaller GLT-1-mediated intracellular Na+
signals and membrane currents in striatal astrocytes. Intriguingly, Mecp2 cKO mice show higher locomotor
activity in the open field test. We also present preliminary evidence of the role of GLT-1 in modulating
extracellular glutamate levels, intracellular Ca2+ dynamics in astrocytes, and dopamine release from
dopaminergic terminals. Based on prior work and these preliminary results, we hypothesize that astroglial
glutamate signaling in the striatum is impaired in Mecp2 deficient mice and contributes to their motor deficits.
We propose two Specific Aims: (1) Identify and characterize the cellular consequences of GLT-1
dysfunction in cKO mice lacking Mecp2 in astrocytes, and (2) Characterize neuronal network activity and
striatum-related behaviors in cKO mice lacking Mecp2 in astrocytes. The proposed studies will elucidate
the consequences of MeCP2 loss in astrocyte GLT-1 function on striatum-dependent behaviors, which will have
broad implications not only for RTT but also for other brain disorders associated with striatal dysfunction.
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