Impaired Astroglial Glutamate Signaling in Rett Syndrome
Impaired Astroglial Glutamate Signaling in Rett Syndrome
批准号:
10116102
负责人:
Wei Li
金额:
$40.84万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2020
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2020-09-30 至 2024-08-31
关键词:
Adrenergic alpha-AntagonistsAffectAstrocytesBehaviorBehavior assessmentBehavioralBrainBrain DiseasesCellsConfocal MicroscopyCorpus striatum structureDataDopamineEquilibriumEtiologyExcitatory SynapseFemaleFunctional disorderGaitGenesGenetic TranscriptionGlutamate TransporterGlutamatesGroomingHand functionsHomeostasisHumanImageImpairmentIndividualKnockout MiceLearningLinkLocomotionLong-Term DepressionLong-Term PotentiationMachine LearningMediatingMembraneMethyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2MosaicismMotorMotor ActivityMusMutationNeurogliaNeuronsPathologicPharmacologyPlayPresynaptic TerminalsResolutionRett SyndromeRoleSeizuresSignal TransductionSliceSpeechSynapsesSynaptic TransmissionSynaptic plasticityTestingTimeWalkingWhole-Cell RecordingsWomanWorkautism spectrum disorderbasecell typeconditional knockoutextracellularfield studyglutamatergic signalingimaging systemin vivolearning classifierloss of function mutationmotor controlmotor deficitmouse modelneuronal circuitryoptogeneticsoverexpressionrepetitive behaviorsensory integrationsevere intellectual disability
中文摘要
摘要
Rett综合征(RTT)是导致女性严重智力残疾的主要原因。RTT患者的发展
通常直到6- 18个月,当自闭症-类自闭症行为以及有目的的手部使用和言语缺陷时,
开始发展。X染色体连锁转录调节因子甲基化CpG结合蛋白的功能缺失突变
2(MECP 2)发生在>95%的RTT病例中。最初,神经元中的MeCP 2缺乏被认为是唯一的
RTT的原因,但最近的研究表明,缺乏功能性MeCP 2的神经胶质细胞也有显着的
RTT病因学中的病理作用。然而,神经胶质细胞功能障碍的具体细胞机制,
作用或其行为后果尚未确定。 在这项研究中,我们建议检查
一种特殊的神经胶质细胞亚型--星形胶质细胞对纹状体功能障碍的作用
在用于RTT的基于Mecp 2-β的小鼠模型中。 星形胶质细胞表达编码谷氨酸的Slc 1a 2基因
转运蛋白-EAAT 1(GLT-EAAT 1,也称为EAAT 2)在调节细胞外谷氨酸水平中具有关键作用。我们提出
在条件性基因敲除(cKO)小鼠中,
使用实验方法的组合,包括全星形胶质细胞,
纹状体切片的细胞内记录和光遗传学,细胞内Ca 2+的时间推移成像,
细胞外谷氨酸和多巴胺,近红外超分辨率共聚焦显微镜,定量行为
使用机器学习分类器进行评估。 我们的初步结果表明,
组成型Mecp 2 KO小鼠纹状体中的Slc 1a 2,与较小的GLT-β 1-γ介导的细胞内Na+一致
信号和膜电流。 有趣的是,Mecp 2 cKO小鼠表现出更高的运动能力,
在开放领域的测试。 我们还提供了初步证据,证明GLT-β 1在调节
细胞外谷氨酸水平,星形胶质细胞的细胞内Ca 2+动力学,以及多巴胺的释放,
多巴胺能末梢 基于先前的工作和这些初步结果,我们假设星形胶质细胞
纹状体中的谷氨酸信号传导在Mecp 2缺陷小鼠中受损,并导致它们的运动缺陷。
我们提出了两个具体的目标:(1)识别和表征GLT-101的细胞后果
在星形胶质细胞中缺乏Mecp 2的cKO小鼠中的功能障碍,和(2)表征神经元网络活性,
星形胶质细胞中缺乏Mecp 2的cKO小鼠的纹状体-纹状体相关行为。 拟议的研究将阐明
星形胶质细胞GLT-1功能中MeCP 2缺失对纹状体依赖性行为的影响,
不仅对RTT而且对与纹状体功能障碍相关的其他脑部疾病具有广泛的意义。
英文摘要
ABSTRACT
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a leading cause of severe intellectual disability in women. Individuals with RTT develop
typically until 6-18 months, when autism-like behaviors as well as deficits in purposeful hand use and speech
start to develop. Loss-of-function mutations in the X-linked transcriptional regulator methyl-CpG-binding protein
2 (MECP2) occur in >95% of RTT cases. Initially, MeCP2 deficiency in neurons was considered as the exclusive
cause of RTT, but recent studies have revealed that glial cells lacking functional MeCP2 also have a significant
pathological role in RTT etiology. However, specific cellular mechanisms of glial cell dysfunction underlying this
role or its behavioral consequences have not been identified. In this study, we propose to examine the
contribution of a specific glial subtype, astrocytes, to the dysfunction of the striatum responsible for motor deficits
in a Mecp2-based mouse model for RTT. Astrocytes expressing the Slc1a2 gene encoding glutamate
transporter-1 (GLT-1, also EAAT2) have a pivotal role in regulating extracellular glutamate levels. We propose
to characterize the contribution of GLT-1 dysfunction to glutamate signaling in conditional knockout (cKO) mice
lacking Mecp2 only in astrocytes using a combination of experimental approaches, including whole-cell
intracellular recordings and optogenetics in striatal slices, time-lapse imaging of intracellular Ca2+ and
extracellular glutamate and dopamine, near-super resolution confocal microscopy, and quantitative behavioral
assessments using machine-learning classifiers. Our preliminary results indicate lower expression levels of
Slc1a2 in the striatum of constitutive Mecp2 KO mice, consistent with smaller GLT-1-mediated intracellular Na+
signals and membrane currents in striatal astrocytes. Intriguingly, Mecp2 cKO mice show higher locomotor
activity in the open field test. We also present preliminary evidence of the role of GLT-1 in modulating
extracellular glutamate levels, intracellular Ca2+ dynamics in astrocytes, and dopamine release from
dopaminergic terminals. Based on prior work and these preliminary results, we hypothesize that astroglial
glutamate signaling in the striatum is impaired in Mecp2 deficient mice and contributes to their motor deficits.
We propose two Specific Aims: (1) Identify and characterize the cellular consequences of GLT-1
dysfunction in cKO mice lacking Mecp2 in astrocytes, and (2) Characterize neuronal network activity and
striatum-related behaviors in cKO mice lacking Mecp2 in astrocytes. The proposed studies will elucidate
the consequences of MeCP2 loss in astrocyte GLT-1 function on striatum-dependent behaviors, which will have
broad implications not only for RTT but also for other brain disorders associated with striatal dysfunction.
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