Applied Research Project

应用研究项目

• 批准号: 10077597
• 负责人: Kathleen Engelman
• 金额: $ 5.56万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10077597
• 关键词: Affect; Affinity; Alleles; Animals; Antibodies; Antibody Affinity; Applied Research; Biological Markers; Candidate Disease Gene; Cells; Data; Development; Dose; Effectiveness; Failure; Fc Receptor; Gene Frequency; Generations; Genes; Genetic Markers; Genetic Polymorphism; Genotype; Heterogeneity; Human; IgG Receptors; Immune; Lead; Ligands; Mediating; Monoclonal Antibodies; Outcome; Patients; Performance; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Reagent; Regimen; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Rhesus; Role; Specimen; Therapeutic; Treatment Efficacy; Treatment outcome; Variant; base; biomarker identification; case control; design; experimental study; genetic association; genetic variant; improved; in vivo; nonhuman primate; predictive marker; programs; prospective; receptor; response; success; targeted agent

Project Summary – Applied Research Project Our cell-depleting antibody resource has expanded greatly in antibody quantity, quality, and diversity over the past 15 years. We are now proposing to use a new applied research approach to refine our resource, by identifying genotypes associated with therapy effectiveness. Success in cell-depletion treatments is determined by the antibody’s ability to engage with its ligand and trigger effector mechanisms. When either of these functions is suboptimal the patient might present a partial or no depletion. In humans, differential response to therapeutic cell-depleting monoclonal antibodies has been associated with specific polymorphisms in Fc gamma receptors. Indeed, Fc receptors (FcR) and antibody target gene biomarkers are currently used to identify patients who are predicted to respond to the targeted agents. While most of our animals respond to cell-depletion treatments, it is often the case that one or two animals (~10%) in a given experiment will not have efficient depletion levels. Because the mechanisms underlying the lack of therapy success are undetermined, neither can the investigators pre-screen study animals nor can we design antibodies that overcome this barrier. For best use of our cell- depleting resources, therefore, we are proposing to identify genetic associations of target and immune effector genes with cell-depletion treatment success. Our preliminary data suggest a differential distribution of common FcR alleles in animals with inefficient vs efficient cell depletion. We will use a candidate gene case-control association study that is sufficiently powered (n= 220-250) to identify genetic markers that correlate with treatment outcomes. The identification of biomarkers that are predictive of efficacious depletion would have an immediate impact on our resource, by allowing researchers to screen animals prior to study or treatment initiation. Importantly, this information can be used to take corrective actions and improve treatment performance, by either excluding poor responders or modifying therapy regimens. During the course of the next cell-depleting program cycle, the genetic variant data will also be used to guide the design of broadly functional antibodies against common target variants. Finally, in the long term, this information will be used to design a new generation of rhesus antibodies with high affinity to commonly expressed FcRs. In summary, are proposing to identify relevant polymorphisms by sequencing genes encoding the target ligands of our antibodies or Fc receptors from animals with divergent cell depletion outcomes. This will improve our resource by 1) generating biomarkers associated with cell depleting therapy efficacy; 2) guiding the development of antibodies that will recognize most common target variants; and, in the long term, 3) lead to the development of a new generation of rhesus antibodies with a superior recognition by commonly expressed FcRs.

项目摘要 - 应用研究项目 我们的细胞消耗抗体资源在抗体数量、质量和多样性方面已大大扩展 过去15年。我们现在建议使用一种新的应用研究方法来完善我们的资源，方法是 识别与治疗效果相关的基因型。细胞去除治疗的成功已被确定 通过抗体与其配体结合并触发效应机制的能力。当这些功能之一 如果不理想，患者可能会出现部分耗尽或没有耗尽。在人类中，对治疗的不同反应 细胞消耗单克隆抗体与 Fc γ 受体的特定多态性有关。 事实上，Fc 受体 (FcR) 和抗体靶基因生物标志物目前用于识别患有以下疾病的患者： 预计会对目标药物做出反应。虽然我们的大多数动物对细胞耗竭治疗有反应，但 通常情况下，给定实验中的一两只动物 (~10%) 不会达到有效的消耗水平。 由于治疗失败的机制尚未确定，研究人员也无法确定 我们无法预先筛选研究动物，也无法设计克服这一障碍的抗体。为了充分利用我们的细胞- 耗尽资源，因此，我们建议鉴定靶标和免疫效应子的遗传关联 细胞耗竭治疗成功的基因。我们的初步数据表明常见的差异分布 低效与高效细胞耗竭动物中的 FcR 等位基因。我们将使用候选基因病例对照 关联研究有足够的效力（n = 220-250）来识别与相关的遗传标记 治疗结果。预测有效消耗的生物标志物的鉴定将具有 通过允许研究人员在研究或治疗之前筛选动物，对我们的资源产生直接影响 引发。重要的是，这些信息可用于采取纠正措施并提高治疗效果， 通过排除反应不佳者或修改治疗方案。在下一次细胞消耗过程中 程序周期中，遗传变异数据也将用于指导广泛功能抗体的设计 针对常见的目标变体。最后，从长远来看，这些信息将用于设计新一代 与常见表达的 FcR 具有高亲和力的恒河猴抗体。总而言之，建议确定 通过对编码我们的抗体或 Fc 受体的靶配体的基因进行测序来确定相关的多态性 具有不同细胞耗竭结果的动物。这将通过 1）生成生物标记来改善我们的资源 与细胞耗竭疗法的功效相关； 2）指导开发能够识别大多数的抗体 常见的目标变体；从长远来看，3）促进新一代恒河猴的发育 被常见表达的 FcR 具有出色识别能力的抗体。