Dietary influence on infant growth and the gut microbiota

饮食对婴儿生长和肠道微生物群的影响

• 批准号: 10093859
• 负责人: Minghua Tang
• 金额: $ 67.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-02 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10093859
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Age-Months; Amino Acids; Bacteria; Biological Markers; Biometry; Blood; Body Composition; Body Weight; Breast; Butyrates; Child Nutrition; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Collaborations; Complementary Feeding; Consumption; Dancing; Data; Development; Diet; Dietary Intervention; Dietary Practices; Dietary intake; Evaluation; Food; Genes; Goals; Growth; Growth and Development function; Health; Human; Human Milk; IGFBP3 gene; Infant; Inflammation; Insulin; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Intake; Intervention; Knowledge; Length; Life; Lipids; Marketing; Measures; Meat; Mediating; Mediation; Metabolism; Metagenomics; Modeling; Obesity; Overweight; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Pilot Projects; Plants; Positioning Attribute; Production; Proteins; Public Health; Race; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recommendation; Research; Risk; Ruminococcus; United States National Institutes of Health; Volatile Fatty Acids; Weight; Weight Gain; age group; base; critical period; developmental plasticity; dietary; disorder risk; evidence base; feeding; food consumption; gut microbiota; infancy; microbial; microbiome; microbiota; multidisciplinary; novel; obesity in children; prevent; programs; protein intake; recruit; sex; standard of care; total energy expenditure

The overall objective of this project is to establish how infant diet with different protein-rich foods regulate growth trajectories and gut microbiota development. Both NIH and USDA are now addressing the urgent need for evidence-based dietary guidance early in life, particularly regarding protein intake, but a significant knowledge gap exists in the effects of protein-rich foods on growth and development during early complementary feeding. Early complementary feeding (~5 to 12 months of age), when infants start to consume foods beyond breastmilk or formula, is a critical transition period of developmental plasticity. Growth trajectories and shifts of the gut microbiota during this critical period have the potential to program long-term body weight, composition and disease risks and are greatly influenced by diet. Preliminary data from our pilot study in formula-fed infants demonstrated that consuming diets with two protein-rich foods: meat and dairy at a high-intake level, resulted in distinctive growth patterns from 5 to 12 months of age. An important new preliminary finding was that meat- and dairy-based foods directly affected gut microbiota diversity, composition and short-chain fatty acid production at 12 months. Changes in gut microbiota composition were also associated with infant linear growth (length gain). Here we propose three specific aims to determine how the introduction of common protein-rich foods impact infant growth (Aim 1), the development of gut microbiota (Aim 2) and the relationship between gut microbiota and infant growth (Aim 3), in a randomized controlled trial. Healthy, term infants (n=300) will be recruited and randomized to meat-, dairy-, plant-based diet groups or the reference group (standard of care), from 5 to 12 months. We will use controlled feeding (all foods provided, and formula if needed) with longitudinal assessments of gut microbiota, infant growth, blood biomarkers (IGF-1, IGFBP3, insulin, amino acids, lipids, etc.), dietary intakes, body composition, and total energy expenditure. Our multi-disciplinary team is ideally positioned to conduct this project, with collective expertise in pediatric nutrition, human clinical trials, microbiome, biostatistics, and a long-standing record of collaboration. Findings are expected to have significant scientific and health implications for determining dietary patterns that promote optimal infant growth and identifying gut microbial changes that are beneficial to the host metabolism and growth during early complementary feeding. The results of the study will also support evidence-based dietary recommendations in infants to prevent the risk of overweight and later obesity.

该项目的总体目标是确定含有不同富含蛋白质食物的婴儿饮食如何调节生长轨迹和肠道微生物群发育。美国国立卫生研究院和美国农业部目前都在解决生命早期循证饮食指导的迫切需求，特别是关于蛋白质摄入量的需求，但在富含蛋白质的食物对早期补充喂养期间生长和发育的影响方面存在显着的知识差距。早期补充喂养（约5至12个月大），即婴儿开始食用母乳或配方奶粉以外的食物，是发育可塑性的关键过渡期。在这一关键时期，肠道微生物群的生长轨迹和变化有可能对长期体重、组成和疾病风险进行规划，并受到饮食的极大影响。我们在配方奶粉喂养的婴儿中进行的初步研究的初步数据表明，食用两种富含蛋白质的食物：肉类和乳制品，在高摄入量水平下，导致5至12个月龄的独特生长模式。一项重要的新初步发现是，肉类和乳制品直接影响12个月时肠道微生物群的多样性，组成和短链脂肪酸的产生。肠道微生物群组成的变化也与婴儿的线性生长（长度增加）有关。在这里，我们提出了三个具体的目标，以确定引入常见的富含蛋白质的食物如何影响婴儿的生长（目标1），肠道微生物群的发展（目标2）以及肠道微生物群与婴儿生长之间的关系（目标3），在一项随机对照试验中。将招募健康足月婴儿（n=300），并将其随机分配至肉类、乳制品、植物性饮食组或参考组（标准护理），年龄为5至12个月。我们将使用控制喂养（提供所有食物，如果需要，还提供配方奶粉），并对肠道微生物群、婴儿生长、血液生物标志物（IGF-1、IGFBP 3、胰岛素、氨基酸、脂质等）进行纵向评估，饮食摄入量、身体成分和总能量消耗。我们的多学科团队非常适合开展该项目，他们在儿科营养、人体临床试验、微生物组、生物统计学方面拥有集体专业知识，并拥有长期的合作记录。研究结果预计将对确定促进婴儿最佳生长的饮食模式和确定早期补充喂养期间有利于宿主代谢和生长的肠道微生物变化具有重大的科学和健康意义。这项研究的结果也将支持以证据为基础的婴儿饮食建议，以防止超重和以后肥胖的风险。