Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Units (VTEU): CoVPN 5002: SARS-CoV-2 Prevalence Study

疫苗和治疗评估单位 (VTEU)：CoVPN 5002：SARS-CoV-2 患病率研究

• 批准号: 10249821
• 负责人: HANA M EL SAHLY
• 金额: $ 175.63万
• 依托单位: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-18 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10249821
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Adult; African American; Age; Area; Attitude; COVID-19; COVID-19 Prevention Network; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 prevention; COVID-19 treatment; COVID-19 vaccine; Cessation of life; Child; Cities; Collection; Communities; Containment; Country; Data; Disease; Disease Outcome; Disease Progression; Elderly; Employment; Epidemic; Ethnic group; Evaluation; Foundations; Frequencies; Future; General Population; Health; Health Resources; High Prevalence; Household; Housing; Incidence; Individual; Inequality; Infection; Intervention; Laboratories; Latino; Measures; Medical; Medical Records; Modeling; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Play; Population; Population Projection; Prevalence; Prevalence Study; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Questionnaires; Race; Readiness; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; SARS-CoV-2 infection; SARS-CoV-2 transmission; Sampling; Serology; Seroprevalences; Services; Site; Surveys; Testing; United States; Vaccines; age group; antibody test; asymptomatic COVID-19; base; burden of illness; comorbidity; coronavirus disease; design; ethnic health disparity; experience; high risk; mathematical model; member; mortality; population stratification; preventive intervention; racial and ethnic; recruit; social; socioeconomic disparity; surveillance study; transmission process; treatment strategy; treatment trial; uptake

Abstract Currently, the United States (US) has far more confirmed COVID-19 cases than any other country. The US epidemic is remarkably heterogeneous, with many cities and communities experiencing a disproportionately high disease burden and mortality. For example, at present, Miami, Minneapolis, Houston, Atlanta, and Durham NC, are projected to bear the brunt of the US epidemic and in the future, other communities may see an increase in the number of COVID-19 cases. The epidemic has also been marked by harsh disparities in COVID-19 rates and other health outcomes among African American and Latino communities who have substantially higher attack rates and higher mortality compared with any other racial or ethnic group across the US The communities surrounding several NIAID CRSs have suffered from not only longstanding racial inequalities, but also socioeconomic disparities in housing and employment, as well as varied access to health and other essential services. These populations also have a high prevalence of co-morbidities associated with higher incidence of COVID-19, more severe manifestations of COVID-19 disease , higher mortality from COVID-19, and have poorer health outcomes from a variety of illnesses overall. As with the observations among the elderly, these racial and ethnic factors all compel the need for the systematic collection of COVID-19-related data from populations at high risk for and highly impacted by COVID-19 and from the general population in their communities to enable the successful design and conduct of COVID-19 targeted prevention and treatment studies and provision of access to these populations of promising prevention and treatment interventions. The proposed research will provide comprehensive information on communities impacted by COVID-19 beyond surveillance studies currently in the field. It will directly contribute to preparedness for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and other COVID-19 prevention and treatment studies by determining the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and seroprevalence among samples of individuals at elevated risk and of different ages who are recruited from communities where NIAID CRSs are situated. All prevalence estimates will be weighted for survey design, non-response and post-stratification population projections in order to generate estimates that are representative of the NIAID CRS communities. This research will determine the extent to which children and adults in these areas have SARS-CoV-2 infection or evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (based on results of antibody tests, self-report, and medical records). Additionally, data captured through questionnaires about participants' household members with COVID-like illness and deaths, combined with serologic data from participants, may also provide information about transmission dynamics within households. Questionnaire data will inform estimates of the percent of individuals of different age groups, including children, who may have had an asymptomatic COVID-19 infection. The frequency of infection among children and whether infected children play an important role in community transmission is poorly understood. The survey will also provide estimates of the association of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence with medical co-morbidities that have been associated with more severe disease outcomes and will also identify demographic and social risk factors associated with infection. Finally, this research will provide important information about SARS-CoV-2 transmission, COVID-19 disease, attitudes about and uptake of containment and mitigation measures, racial and ethnic health disparities, varied access to testing and public health resources by key demographic indicators, prospects for new prevention and treatment strategies, and be used to inform mathematical models of disease progression and projection of future COVID-19 risk.

摘要 目前，美国（US）的确诊COVID-19病例远多于其他任何国家。美国 流行病具有显著的异质性，许多城市和社区经历了不成比例的 高疾病负担和死亡率。例如，目前，迈阿密、明尼阿波利斯、休斯顿、亚特兰大和 预计北卡罗来纳州达勒姆将首当其冲地受到美国疫情的冲击，未来，其他社区可能会看到 COVID-19病例数量的增加。 这一流行病的特点还包括COVID-19发病率和其他健康结果之间的严重差异， 非裔美国人和拉丁裔社区的发病率和死亡率都高得多 与美国其他种族或民族相比， CRS不仅遭受长期的种族不平等，而且还存在社会经济差异。 住房和就业，以及获得保健和其他基本服务的各种机会。这些人口 与COVID-19发病率较高相关的合并症患病率较高， COVID-19疾病的表现，COVID-19的死亡率更高， 各种各样的疾病。与对老年人的观察一样，这些种族和民族因素都 迫使需要从高风险人群中系统收集COVID-19相关数据， 受到COVID-19严重影响的社区和普通民众， 设计和开展针对COVID-19的预防和治疗研究，并提供获取这些研究的途径 有希望的预防和治疗干预措施的人口。 拟议的研究将提供有关受COVID-19影响的社区的全面信息 超出了目前该领域的监测研究。它将直接有助于SARS-CoV-2的准备工作 疫苗和其他COVID-19预防和治疗研究，通过确定SARS-CoV-2的患病率 感染和血清阳性率之间的个人样本中的高风险和不同年龄的人谁是 从NIAID社区康复服务中心所在的社区招募。所有流行率估计值将加权， 调查设计、无答复和分层后的人口预测，以便产生估计数， 是NIAID CRS社区的代表。这项研究将确定儿童在多大程度上 这些地区的成年人有SARS-CoV-2感染或既往SARS-CoV-2感染的证据（基于 抗体检测结果、自我报告和医疗记录）。此外，通过调查问卷收集的数据 关于参与者患有COVID样疾病和死亡的家庭成员，结合来自 参与者还可以提供有关家庭内传播动态的信息。问卷数据 将告知不同年龄组的个人的百分比估计，包括儿童，谁可能有 无症状的COVID-19感染。儿童感染的频率和是否感染儿童 在社区传播中的重要作用知之甚少。调查还将提供估计数 SARS-CoV-2血清阳性率与医学共病的关系， 更严重的疾病结果，还将确定与以下疾病相关的人口统计学和社会风险因素： 感染最后，这项研究将提供有关SARS-CoV-2传播、COVID-19 疾病，对遏制和缓解措施的态度和采取，种族和民族健康 差距，按关键人口指标分列的获得检测和公共卫生资源的机会不同， 新的预防和治疗策略，并用于告知疾病进展的数学模型 及预测未来COVID-19风险。