Project 3: Tobacco Town Policy Modeling

项目3：烟草小镇政策建模

• 批准号: 10251880
• 负责人: KURT M. RIBISL
• 金额: $ 47.15万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10251880
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Area; Behavior; Characteristics; Communities; Complex; Computer Models; Consumption; Country; Data; Development; Disease; Effectiveness; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Evaluation; Evidence based intervention; Funding; Future; Geographic Distribution; Geography; Goals; Individual; Industry; Intervention; Laboratories; Licensing; Low income; Marketing; Mechanics; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Pattern; Persons; Pilot Projects; Police; Policies; Policy Research; Population; Price; Public Health; Research Project Grants; Schools; Science; Science Policy; Shapes; Smoking; Study models; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco Industry; Tobacco use; Transportation; Urban Community; Vulnerable Populations; base; cost; density; design; disparity elimination; economic disparity; ethnic minority population; evidence base; experience; experimental study; health disparity; innovation; interest; models and simulation; multiple data sources; preventable death; programs; prospective; public health relevance; public policy on tobacco; racial and ethnic; racial disparity; reduce tobacco use; response; sexual minority; smoking cessation; smoking initiation; social; socioeconomic disparity; suburb; tobacco advertising; tobacco control; tobacco flavor; tobacco products; tobacco regulation; tobacco user; tool

Project 3 Tobacco Town: Project Summary/Abstract Tobacco use continues to be the greatest cause of preventable death and disease in the US, and socioeconomic disparities persist in many communities and populations. New and innovative tobacco control interventions focused on the retail environment are gaining ground, and aim to reduce the pervasiveness of tobacco products and eliminate disparities, chiefly through one of three mechanisms: place (e.g., lowering tobacco retailer density), price (e.g., curbing discounts), or product availability (e.g., limiting flavored tobacco products). However, the evidence supporting the effectiveness of these strategies is just emerging. Developing a strong evidence base for retail tobacco control is a priority for practitioners. While prospective experimental studies to assess these interventions are difficult, if not impossible, to conduct, computational modeling is poised to help fill the evidence gap. The goal of the proposed study is to develop a computational agent-based model to examine and compare the potential impact of various retail tobacco control strategies across different community contexts. The study has three primary aims. 1) Develop Tobacco Town, an agent-based model that represents community environments with individual current and potential tobacco users. The model will incorporate realistic geographic and commercial spaces, individual tobacco use behaviors (e.g., initiation, cessation, purchase), and retailer practices (e.g., pricing and product availability). 2) Use the model as a simulated laboratory to implement innovative strategies to better understand how each might impact smoking-related behaviors. We will also consider the strategies in terms of vulnerable populations, specifically racial/ethnic and sexual minorities and low-income residents. 3) Tailor Tobacco Town to represent diverse neighborhoods in 10-12 large urban- suburban areas in the US to examine potential context-specific effects of different interventions. While helping to build the evidence base for innovative tobacco control strategies, the Tobacco Town model will also enhance the relevance of this evidence through simulating various interventions in different contexts. Finally, the model and its results will advance the use of computational approaches to tobacco control and reducing tobacco use, and public health more broadly.

项目3烟草城：项目概要/摘要 烟草使用仍然是美国可预防死亡和疾病的最大原因， 在许多社区和人口中，社会经济差距依然存在。新的和 以零售环境为重点的创新烟草控制干预措施正在取得进展， 旨在减少烟草制品的普及，消除差距，主要是 通过三种机制之一：放置（例如，降低烟草零售商密度），价格（例如， 抑制折扣），或产品可用性（例如，限制调味烟草产品）。但 支持这些战略有效性的证据刚刚出现。发展一个强大 零售烟草控制的证据基础是从业人员的优先事项。虽然前瞻性 评估这些干预措施的实验研究即使不是不可能，也很难进行， 计算模型准备帮助填补证据空白。拟议研究的目标是 开发基于计算代理的模型来检查和比较的潜在影响 在不同的社区背景下采取不同的零售烟草控制策略。该研究 三个主要目标。1)开发烟草镇，这是一个基于代理的模型，代表 社区环境与个人目前和潜在的烟草使用者。该模型将 结合现实的地理和商业空间，个人烟草使用行为（例如， 发起、停止、购买），以及零售商实践（例如，价格和产品可用性）。（二） 将模型用作模拟实验室，实施创新策略，以更好地了解 每种方式如何影响吸烟相关行为。我们亦会考虑有关策略， 弱势群体，特别是种族/族裔和性少数群体和低收入群体的 居民3)定制烟草镇，以代表10-12个大型城市的不同社区- 在美国的郊区，以检查不同的干预措施的潜在的特定背景的影响。 在帮助建立创新烟草控制战略的证据基础的同时， 城镇模型还将通过模拟各种 不同背景下的干预。最后，该模型及其结果将促进 烟草控制和减少烟草使用以及公共卫生的计算方法更多 大致上