An Ecological Investigation of Acute Next-Day Effects of Alcohol Use on Daily Cognitive Functioning

项目摘要/摘要 酗酒和频繁饮酒仍然是一个关键的公共卫生问题，特别是在年轻人中。近期 实验证据表明，单一的重度饮酒事件与短期结构性 年轻人样本中大脑的变化和初步日记证据表明饮酒可能 影响注意力和工作记忆容量。因为年轻人饮酒的风险相对最高 对于任何其他年龄段来说，这种直接的结构变化可能表明有必要及早预防和 干预努力，尽管在年轻人样本中酒精使用对大脑的长期影响 仍然不为人所知。长期认知结果的一个关键指标是观察到对年轻人的功能影响 成年人在日常生活中的行为。在此期间，日常行为的改变可能会产生负面影响 认知健康步入中年。我们团队的目标是在21天的时间内从以下样本中收集密集数据 250名年轻人研究饮酒对认知的急性、次日(醉后)影响 整体功能，跨越多个时间范围，并按饮酒类型(轻度饮酒、酗酒、 高强度饮酒、昏迷饮酒)。我们还试图审查日级和人级主持人，以 告知处于最大风险和需要及早有针对性的预防和干预的时刻和亚群 努力。具体地说，目前的探索性和发展性R21有三个目标。目标1将(A)审查 任何饮酒对认知功能的急性次日影响(情节记忆、执行功能、 工作记忆)和不同的时间框架(即，只醒着或持续一整天)； (B)检查这些日常联系是否因饮酒事件的类型而不同(轻度饮酒、酗酒、 高强度饮酒、昏迷饮酒)。目标2将检查日间水平的主持人(宿醉症状， 情绪、睡眠、前一天吸食大麻、使用其他物质)，可能会缓冲或加剧白天的联系 在饮酒(任何饮酒、少量饮酒、酗酒、高强度饮酒、昏迷饮酒)和 认知功能。最后，目标3将检查个人层面的变量(性别、基线酒精使用严重程度、 一般认知功能)作为酒精使用(任何饮酒、轻度饮酒)之间的日常联系的调节因素 饮酒、狂饮、高强度饮酒、昏迷饮酒)和认知功能。通过识别 不同程度的酒精使用强度对第二天的认知功能以及一天- 和个人层面的特征来缓和这些关联，我们的发现将对 饮酒对日常认知功能的作用，并突出最需要监测的亚群 以及早期干预。这一探索性和开发性R21的发现也将使我们的团队很好地定位于 最终检查日级关联是否累积并预示着以后与酒精有关的和 与认知相关的问题。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Heavy and frequent alcohol use remains a key public health concern, particularly among young adults. Recent experimental evidence has shown that a single heavy drinking event is associated with short-term structural changes in the brain among a sample of young adults and preliminary diary evidence suggests alcohol use may impact concentration and working memory capacity. As young adults are at highest risk of alcohol use relative to any other age group, such immediate structural changes may signal a need for early prevention and intervention efforts, although the long-term impacts of alcohol use on the brain within a sample of young adults remain unknown. A key indicator of longer-term cognitive outcomes is observed functional impacts on young adult behavior in their daily lives. Changes in daily behaviors during this period could negatively impact cognitive health into midlife. Our team aims to collect intensive data across a 21-day period from a sample of 250 young adults to explore the acute, next-day (post-intoxication) effects of alcohol use on cognitive functioning overall, across multiple timeframes, and by type of drinking episode (light drinking, binge drinking, high-intensity drinking, blackout drinking). We also seek to examine day-level and person-level moderators to inform moments and subgroups at greatest risk and in need of early targeted prevention and intervention efforts. Specifically, the current exploratory and developmental R21 has three aims. Aim 1 will (a) examine acute, next-day effects of any alcohol use on cognitive functioning (episodic memory, executive functioning, working memory) and across various time frames (i.e., upon waking only or persisting throughout the day); and (b) examine whether these daily associations differ by type of drinking episode (light drinking, binge drinking, high-intensity drinking, blackout drinking). Aim 2 will examine day-level moderators (hangover symptoms, mood, sleep, prior day cannabis, other substance use) that may buffer or exacerbate day-level associations between alcohol use (any drinking, light drinking, binge drinking, high-intensity drinking, blackout drinking) and cognitive functioning. Finally, Aim 3 will examine person-level variables (sex, baseline alcohol use severity, general cognitive functioning) as moderators of day-level associations between alcohol use (any drinking, light drinking, binge drinking, high-intensity drinking, blackout drinking) and cognitive functioning. By identifying the acute impacts of varying levels of alcohol use intensity on next-day cognitive functioning as well as the day- and person-level characteristics that moderate these associations, our findings will have critical implications for the role of alcohol use on everyday cognitive functioning and highlight subgroups most in need of monitoring and early intervention. Findings from this exploratory and developmental R21 will also position our team well to ultimately examine whether day-level associations accumulate and are indicative of later alcohol-related and cognition-related problems.