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Editing the Neural Basis of Perception

编辑感知的神经基础

基本信息

批准号：
10578963
负责人：
Ian Anton Oldenburg
金额：
$ 24.9万
依托单位：
RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-05-01 至 2025-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10578963
关键词：
Address Affect Animal Behavior Architecture Area Behavior Behavioral Brain Cells Code Cues Detection Development Elements Form Perception Goals Individual Interneurons Lead Link Maps Mentors Methods Modality Monitor Motor Motor Cortex Motor output Movement Mus Nature Neurons Opsin Optics Output Pattern Perception Phase Play Population Process Property Pyramidal Cells Recurrence Research Role Sensory Signal Transduction Source Specificity Stimulus System Techniques Technology Time Training Visual Visual Cortex Visual Perception Visual system structure Writing awake behavior influence behavioral outcome design functional group genetic manipulation hippocampal pyramidal neuron in vivo inhibitory neuron insight motor behavior neural circuit new technology novel optogenetics recruit relating to nervous system response sensory stimulus skills tool

项目摘要

Project Summary: Neural computation requires the coordinated effort of thousands of interrelated and often genetically similar neurons. These neurons form physically intermingled networks and subnetworks that act together to amplify and strengthen sensory perceptions or select motor action. Such co-active ensembles are known to be preferentially interconnected, and may represent a functional element of neural processing with unique properties, such as pattern completion and competition between ensembles. In this proposal I will gain a mechanistic understanding of how ensembles of co-active neurons interact by probing the function of individual and groups of neurons in an awake mouse. I will examine: how ensembles of pyramidal cells interact with other pyramidal cells and local inhibitory neurons in a visual task, how these ensembles influence motor behavior, and how specific ensembles respond to information from other cortical areas. Despite the potential importance of ensembles in cortical coding, the intermixed nature of these groups has made them particularly hard to study. While conventional optogenetic techniques can manipulate genetically identified neurons in a region, they are incapable of selectively manipulating intermingled neurons that differ only by their functional properties. Critically, new multiphoton optogenetic techniques are beginning to allow manipulation of cells chosen by their activity alone, however such techniques require further development. In the K99 phase of this proposal, I will continue my training through the development of novel optical systems for multiphoton stimulation and through use of these technique understand cortical function. By combining these new optical techniques with novel opsins designed for in vivo multiphoton use that I have already developed, I now have the ability to write in or edit neural activity across many neurons with a precision never before possible. By altering ensemble activity during visual perception I will determine the causal contributions of individual neurons as well as populations of neurons to sensory coding. In the R00 phase, through manipulations in motor cortex I will unravel the behavioral impact of these groups, probing the role motor ensembles play in motor action, and study how neurons interact across modalities. The ability to both edit and monitor the activity of neural subnetworks is critical to gaining a mechanistic understanding of perception and action. The conclusions we draw from this proposal will help to describe how all information is presented in the cortex, but can only be reached with advanced techniques.

项目总结: