Project 4: Geochemical Predictors of Arsenic Contamination

项目 4：砷污染的地球化学预测

• 批准号: 10570880
• 负责人: Owen Duckworth
• 金额: $ 28.47万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-20 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10570880
• 关键词: Address; Area; Arsenic; Awareness; Chemicals; Consumption; Coupling; Detection; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Elements; Environment; Exposure to; Future; Guide prevention; Guidelines; Health; Heterogeneity; Human; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Location; Measurement; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolic dysfunction; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Monitor; Nitrates; North Carolina; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxides; Persons; Pollution; Population; Population Growth; Predisposition; Process; Province; Public Health; Reaction; Research; Risk; Risk Assessment; Sampling; Signal Recognition Particle; Site; Soil; Solid; Solubility; Source; Study models; Superfund; System; Techniques; Thermodynamics; Trace Elements; Urbanization; Vision; Water; Water consumption; Weather; Wood material; Work; anthropogenesis; contaminated water; density; disorder prevention; drinking water; exposed human population; fundamental research; geochemistry; ground water; improved; insight; land use; novel; predictive tools; programs; remediation; risk prediction; simulation; stem; suburb; superfund site; tool; wasting; water sampling; well water

ABSTRACT: PROJECT 4 Project 4 seeks to better understand the factors that result in solubilization of iAs and related oxyanion-forming trace elements (V, Cr) in well water. It is generally accepted that biogeochemical processes (rock weathering, redox transformations) control solubilization of these contaminants from aquifer materials. However, detailed mechanistic understanding of subsurface processes and an ability to apply biogeochemical parameters as predictors of contamination are lacking, and as a result, drinking-water wells may be susceptible to contamination. The central hypothesis is that the concentrations of specific rock- and groundwater- hosted chemical oxidants can be used to predict the risks of iAs, V, and Cr contamination in drinking- water wells, guide remediation strategies for co-contaminated sites, and facilitate health interventions. This topic is particularly relevant in North Carolina, which has 20 Superfund sites with documented As, as well as significant population utilizing drinking-water wells with elevated iAs, V, and Cr from geogenic sources. We thus propose a multipronged plan that integrates field, laboratory, and spectroscopic measurements with mechanistic and geospatial modeling to (1) develop a comprehensive multiscale understanding of the contrasting redox-driven mechanisms of iAs, V, and Cr solubilization, and (2) derive tools for predicting current and future contamination of well water. The use of fundamental research to develop geochemical predictors of contamination is aligned with the theme of the center “Identifying novel methods to reduce iAs exposure and elucidating mechanisms underlying iAs-induced metabolic dysfunction with a vision for disease prevention.” proposed research will facilitate disease prevention by guiding future well placement and monitoring efforts, potentially increasing awareness and decreasing exposure to naturally occurring toxic trace elements. Furthermore, this research will motivate novel interventions for responding to contaminants in the environment, including geogenically impacted sites in North Carolina, as well as in anthropogenically impacted locations such as Superfund sites.

摘要：项目4 项目4旨在更好地了解导致IAS解决方案和相关氧气形成的因素 井水中的跟踪元素（v，cr）。人们普遍认为，生物地球化学过程（岩石风化， 氧化还原转化）控制这些污染物从含水层材料中的控制溶液。但是，详细 对地下过程的机械理解以及将生物地球化学参数应用于 缺乏污染的预测因素，结果，饮用水井可能容易受到影响 污染。中心假设是特定岩石和地下水的浓度 托管化学氧化剂可用于预测IAS，V和CR污染的风险 水井，共同污染地点的指导补救策略，并促进健康干预措施。 该主题在北卡罗来纳州特别相关，该北卡罗来纳州有20个超级基金网站，也有记录的AS 作为使用地球来源的IAS，V和CR升高的饮用水井的大量人口。我们 因此，提出了一个多收益计划，将现场，实验室和光谱测量与 （1）机械和地理空间建​​模 IAS，V和CR解决方案的氧化还原驱动的机制，以及（2）推导用于预测当前和未来的工具 井水的污染。使用基本研究来开发地球化学预测指标 污染与中心的主题一致。“识别新的方法来减少IAS暴露和 阐明IAS诱导的代谢功能障碍的基础机制具有预防疾病的愿景。” 拟议的研究将通过指导未来的井安置和监测工作来促进疾病的预防， 潜在地提高意识并减少对自然发生的有毒痕量元素的接触。 此外，这项研究将激发新的干预措施以应对环境中的污染物， 包括北卡罗来纳州的地理影响地点，以及在人为影响的位置 作为超级基金站点。