Challenging Allergies: The Search for a Magic Bullet for Pediatric Food Allergies

挑战过敏：寻找治疗儿童食物过敏的灵丹妙药

• 批准号: 10578414
• 负责人: JILL A FISHER
• 金额: $ 4.95万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-12 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10578414
• 关键词: Accidents; Adolescent; Advocate; Affect; Allergens; Allergic; Allergy to peanuts; American; Benefits and Risks; Biomedical Research; Black race; Books; Cessation of life; Child; Childhood; Clinic; Clinical Trials; Data; Development; Empirical Research; Enrollment; Ethnic Population; Ethnography; Family; Food; Food Hypersensitivity; Funding; Grant; Guidelines; Health; Hypersensitivity; Interview; Investments; Life; Literature; Low income; Magic; Manuscripts; Marketing; Medical; Modeling; Parents; Pathway interactions; Patients; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacologic Substance; Powder dose form; Private Practice; Privatization; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Qualifying; Quality of life; Reaction; Reporter; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Safety; Sales; Sampling; Social Sciences; Stress; Structure; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Intervention; Treatment/Psychosocial Effects; Underrepresented Minority; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; Writing; aged; clinical practice; effective therapy; experience; food allergen; food avoidance; innovation; interest; lens; novel therapeutics; racial population; recruit; research and development; risk perception; treatment comparison; urban area

PROJECT SUMMARY This project proposes empirical research and a scholarly book on the medicalization and pharmaceuti- calization of food allergies. One out of every 13 US children has a food allergy, and nearly half of those children are allergic to multiple foods. Because food allergies can be life-threatening, a significant amount of biomedical research and development has been invested in finding effective therapies. These novel therapeutic options—including one recent FDA-approved drug, an array of clinical trials, and even un- regulated food-based treatments—have attracted considerable parental interest despite potentially sig- nificant risks. Indeed, preliminary research indicates that parents often have a higher tolerance for the risks of these medical treatments compared to the risks from food. I am currently completing an ethnographic study of peanut allergy clinical trials, and the proposed project will expand and continue this line of research for the scholarly book through three specific aims: (1) ex- plore the experiences and perceptions of parents of children with peanut or other food allergies who have not pursued clinical trials, (2) document how unregulated food allergy treatments are being offered through private practices, and (3) integrate empirical findings from Aims 1 & 2 with my current ethno- graphic work on food allergy clinical trial participation. For Aim 1, I will conduct 30 interviews with par- ents who are (a) practicing avoidance of their children's food allergens with no additional treatment, (b) treating their children's peanut allergy with the FDA-approved drug, or (c) treating their children's food allergies with unregulated therapies. For Aim 2, I will conduct 10 interviews with clinicians who offer unregulated food-based treatments for food allergies to analyze how they describe their practices, includ- ing any safety protocols they have in place. The book manuscript will be written as part of Aim 3, wherein I will use data from both projects to provide a comprehensive view of food allergy therapeutics. The proposed project is significant because it will provide rich information about how US families navi- gate food allergies as a part of everyday life as well as a condition that increasingly justifies risky thera- peutic interventions. This project is innovative because food allergy therapeutics have not been examined from a critical social science perspective, and there has been no empirical research comparing the per- spectives of parents who choose different medical pathways to manage their children's food allergies or comparing how stakeholders perceive potential differences between FDA-approved, investigational, and unregulated food allergy treatments. Food allergies are certainly a health threat, but this new era of food allergy therapeutics marks a transition in which the condition is being more intensely and problematically medicalized.

项目摘要 该项目提出了关于医疗化和制药化的实证研究和学术著作， 食物过敏的症状。每13个美国儿童中就有一个对食物过敏，其中近一半的人 儿童对多种食物过敏。由于食物过敏可能危及生命， 生物医学研究和发展的资金已经投入到寻找有效的治疗方法上。这些新颖 治疗方案，包括最近FDA批准的药物，一系列临床试验，甚至联合国， 受管制的食物为基础的治疗，吸引了相当大的家长的兴趣，尽管潜在的信号， 重大风险。事实上，初步研究表明，父母往往有更高的容忍度， 这些药物治疗的风险与食物的风险相比。 我目前正在完成一项关于花生过敏临床试验的人种学研究， 我将通过三个具体目标来扩大和继续这一学术书籍的研究路线：（1）前- 探索花生或其他食物过敏儿童的父母的经验和看法， 未进行临床试验，（2）记录如何提供不受管制的食物过敏治疗 通过私人实践，（3）将目标1和2的实证研究结果与我目前的民族- 参与食物过敏临床试验的图表工作。对于目标1，我将进行30次面试， （a）避免其子女的食物过敏原，不进行额外治疗，（B） 用FDA批准的药物治疗他们孩子的花生过敏，或（c）治疗他们孩子的食物 过敏与不规范的治疗。对于目标2，我将与临床医生进行10次访谈， 不受管制的食物过敏治疗，以分析他们如何描述他们的做法，包括- 检查他们的安全协议这本书的手稿将作为目标3的一部分编写，其中 我将使用这两个项目的数据来提供食物过敏治疗的全面观点。 拟议中的项目意义重大，因为它将提供有关美国家庭如何导航的丰富信息， 门食物过敏作为日常生活的一部分，以及一个条件，越来越多的理由冒险治疗， 的干预。这个项目是创新的，因为食物过敏疗法还没有被审查 从批判社会科学的角度来看，并没有实证研究比较每- 选择不同医疗途径来管理孩子食物过敏的父母的观点， 比较利益相关者如何看待FDA批准的、研究性的和 不受监管的食物过敏治疗食物过敏当然是一个健康威胁，但这个新时代的食物 变态反应治疗标志着一个过渡，在这个过渡中， 医疗化