Prevalence, onset and progression of substance use in adolescents and young adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders

患有自闭症谱系障碍的青少年和年轻人物质使用的患病率、发病率和进展

• 批准号: 10581557
• 负责人: Kristina Melia Jackson
• 金额: $ 68.19万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-05 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10581557
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent and Young Adult; Affect; Age; Alcohol consumption; Anxiety Disorders; Assessment tool; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Benchmarking; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Data; Demographic Factors; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Drug Prescriptions; Drug usage; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; Exposure to; Family; Family history of; Future; General Population; Health; Health Professional; Independent Living; Individual; Informal Social Control; Interview; Language; Literature; Marijuana; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Monitor; Parents; Participant; Persons; Population; Prevalence; Psychiatric therapeutic procedure; Registries; Reporting; Research; Rhode Island; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Scandinavian; Social Controls; Social Environment; Societies; Structure; Subgroup; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Youth; adolescent with autism spectrum disorder; alcohol and other drug; alcohol risk; alcohol screening; alcohol use disorder; autism spectrum disorder; biological sex; brief prevention intervention; clinical practice; cohort; college; comorbidity; drinking onset; experience; high risk; high school; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; male; marijuana use; misuse of prescription only drugs; normative education; parental monitoring; peer; population based; protective factors; psychoeducation; psychoeducational; risk selection; social anxiety; substance use; trend; vaping; verbal; virtual; young adult; young adult with autism spectrum disorder

Project Summary Alcohol use and alcohol use disorders (AUD) in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have been considered rare by mental health professionals. This conclusion has primarily been based on clinical experience as the empirical literature on alcohol and other drug (AOD) use in the US is virtually nonexistent. Scandinavian health registry studies suggest AOD use is lower in the ASD population overall compared to the general public. Clinical studies also indicate lower rates of AOD in persons diagnosed with ASD compared to persons diagnosed with other psychiatric disorders. Nonetheless, rates of AOD use as high as 30% have been reported in the ASD population. In addition, there appear to be subgroups of persons with ASD, such as those with co-occurring Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), with substantial rates of AOD use and AUDs that not only rival persons with other psychiatric disorders, but also indicate a need for proper identification and, when indicated, treatment. Importantly, prevalence estimates for ASD have increased in the past 10-20 years and a large proportion of that increase includes individuals with higher cognitive and language functioning. This subset of the ASD population is more likely to be included in and exposed to normative educational and social contexts, increasing risk for AOD use. The literature strongly supports the need for detailed and reliable information on the prevalence of AOD in a representative sample of adolescents and young adults with ASD in the US. In this application, we propose to assess a large, well-characterized, population-based ASD sample (Rhode Island Consortium for Autism Research and Treatment- RI-CART) that will enable us to provide, by far, the most in- depth characterization of AOD use and AUD prevalence in the ASD population in the US, as well as data regarding AOD onset and rate of progression to more severe use and AUDs. Equally important is the need to verify, or refute, risk and protective factors for AOD in this population. We will examine comorbid conditions, with specific focus on ADHD and anxiety disorders. We will also characterize the factors inducing risk of AOD use at critical junctions for adolescents and young adults with ASD, such as the transition to independent living, which is often associated with greater peer contact and less structure and social control. We propose to study a subsample of RI-CART participants (N=410) age 12-24 years, who either have an IQ ≥ 85 or an IQ ≥ 75 and are verbally fluent, in a 4-wave longitudinal, cohort-sequential study. We will examine AOD use in relation to age, as well as in relation to key developmental transitions (e.g., into and from high school, into supervised living or independent living/college).

项目摘要 青少年和年轻成人自闭症患者的酒精使用和酒精使用障碍（AUD） 谱系障碍（ASD）被精神卫生专业人员认为是罕见的。这 结论主要基于临床经验，如酒精经验文献 和其他药物（AOD）的使用在美国几乎不存在。斯堪的纳维亚健康登记研究 这表明，与普通公众相比，ASD人群的AOD使用率总体较低。临床 研究还表明，与患有ASD的人相比， 被诊断患有其他精神疾病尽管如此，高达30%的AOD使用率 在ASD人群中报告。此外，似乎还有一些人的亚群， ASD，如与注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）同时发生的ASD， 大量的AOD使用率和AUD不仅与其他精神病患者相媲美， 疾病，但也表明需要适当的识别，并在指示时，治疗。 重要的是，ASD的患病率估计在过去10-20年中有所增加， 这一增长的比例包括具有较高认知和语言功能的个人。 ASD人群的这一子集更有可能被纳入并暴露于规范性研究。 教育和社会背景，增加使用AOD的风险。文献强烈支持 需要有代表性的AOD患病率的详细和可靠的信息 美国ASD青少年和年轻成人样本。在本申请中，我们建议 评估一个大的，充分表征的，基于人群的ASD样本（罗得岛协会， 自闭症研究和治疗- RI-CART），这将使我们能够提供，到目前为止，最- 美国ASD人群中AOD使用和AUD患病率的深入表征， 以及关于AOD发作和进展到更严重使用和AUD的速率的数据。 同样重要的是，在这方面，需要核实或驳斥AOD的风险和保护因素。 人口我们将研究共病的条件，特别是注意力缺陷多动症和焦虑 紊乱我们亦会分析在关键路口使用AOD的风险因素， ASD青少年和年轻人，例如向独立生活的过渡， 通常与更多的同龄人接触和更少的结构和社会控制有关。我们建议 研究RI-CART参与者（N=410）的子样本，年龄12-24岁，智商≥ 85或IQ ≥ 75，并且在4波纵向队列序贯研究中语言流利。我们 将研究AOD的使用与年龄的关系，以及与关键发育过渡的关系 (e.g.,进入和从高中，进入监督生活或独立生活/大学）。