Multimodal Musical Stimulation for Healthy Neurocognitive Aging

摘要 我们每天遇到的音乐都包含振幅和频率调制， 声音信号的快速变化，向听众传达有意义的信息。 人类大脑从这些信号中接收和解释意义的能力是 由神经振荡网络实现：神经元组的放电模式， 用有节奏的活动来跟踪音乐。不同频段的神经振荡 有助于注意力和记忆，以及感知和理解;它们 随着年龄的增长，尤其是老年痴呆症，这种疾病会减少。能够 了解和因果控制神经振荡将有至关重要的影响， 健康的神经认知老化。因为音乐能自然地刺激大脑， 随着时间的推移，我们假设音乐可以作为一种可持续的， 脑刺激的自然形式，以诱导神经元群体的振荡。 此外，我们假设，通过插入伽马波段的能量作为感觉， 在听音乐的过程中，我们可以增加大脑中伽马波段的活动， 一种频率调谐到大脑内在网络动力学的方式， 减少神经振荡，减少老化，改善记忆力， 老年人的认知能力我们假设伽马波段调制插入 灯光，当加上听音乐，可以提高老年人的记忆力， 频率调谐到内在的个体大脑网络动力学。在这里，我们建议 第一个随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的可行性研究，以测试 音乐耦合γ-波段刺激对脑电图和工作行为指标的影响 老年人的记忆结果将测试的因果作用的振荡机制， 大脑对认知的影响如果成功，这次审判将为第一部音乐剧奠定基础， 神经生理学靶向的脑刺激装置， 衰老

Abstract Music that we encounter every day contains amplitude and frequency modulations, rapid changes in acoustic signals that convey meaningful information to the listener. The human brain’s ability to receive and interpret meaning from these signals is implemented by networks of neural oscillations: firing patterns of groups of neurons that track the music with rhythmic activity. Neural oscillations in different frequency bands subserve attention and memory, as well as perception and comprehension; they develop over the lifespan and are reduced in aging, especially in dementia. Being able to understand and causally control neural oscillations will have crucial implications for healthy neurocognitive aging. Since music naturally stimulates the brain with its rhythmic content over time, we hypothesize that music can be used as a sustainable, naturalistic form of brain stimulation to induce oscillatory in neuronal populations. Furthermore, we hypothesize that by inserting gamma-band energy as sensory stimulation during music listening, we can increase gamma-band activity in the brain in a way that is frequency-tuned to the brain’s intrinsic network dynamics, thus replacing the decreased neural oscillations that are reduced in aging, and improving memory and cognition in older adults. We hypothesize that gamma-band modulations inserted in lights, when coupled with music listening, can improve memory in older adults by frequency-tuning to intrinsic individual brain network dynamics. Here we propose the first randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled feasibility study, to test the effects of music-coupled gamma-band stimulation on EEG and behavioral indices of working memory in older adults. Results will test the causal role of oscillatory mechanisms of the brain on cognition. If successful, this trial will lay the groundwork to the first musical, neurophysiologically targeted, brain-stimulation device for reversing cognitive decline in aging.