Synthetic Psychoactive "Bath Salt" Effects on Brain Activity and Behavior

合成精神活性“浴盐”对大脑活动和行为的影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    10576883
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 69.3万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2019-04-15 至 2025-02-28
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Abstract The abuse of substituted cathinones, the main psychoactive components of “bath salts” and other illicit preparations, has emerged as a persistent public health concern over the past decade. Substituted cathinones, like other phenethylamines including methamphetamine (MA) or (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), produce their psychoactive effects through monoaminergic actions resulting from their ability to either block the reuptake or increase the release of neuronal dopamine (DA) and/or serotonin (5-HT). New cathinones are continually being introduced into the underground drug market and differ in one or more structural features, but the balance of neurochemical activity at DA and/or 5-HT transporters is thought to be a key feature that mediates the expression of their MA- or MDMA-like effects (i.e., stimulant or entactogen). However, little is known about how substituted cathinones alter neural activity and whether, like their abuse-related behavioral effects, regional patterns of activation may be related to the balance of their monoaminergic actions. This application, in response to PAR 18-510, is designed to address this issue and proposes cutting-edge, integrated behavioral pharmacology and neuroimaging studies in nonhuman primates to examine the abuse-related behavioral and neural effects of substituted cathinones that vary in selectivity for DA and 5-HT release. First, as drug history is known to play an important role in individual vulnerability to different types of drug abuse and relapse, substituted cathinones will be compared in different groups of both male and female subjects that discriminate or self- administer either MA (DA-selective) or MDMA (5-HT-selective). Next, using well-validated and translationally- relevant animal behavioral models, the subjective, reinforcing, and relapse-inducing (reinstatement) effects of selected cathinones will be compared to those of MA and MDMA. Finally, awake fMRI studies, conducted at ultra-high field strength (9.4T), will be employed in the same subjects to identify key features in the patterns of regional brain activity (neural signature) produced by substituted cathinones that may be related to their MA-like or MDMA-like abuse-related effects. Overall, our planned studies will yield key insights to improve our understanding of the roles of drug history and sex in the abuse-related behavioral effects and neural signatures of different types of synthetic cathinones and, more generally, abused drugs with DA- and/or 5-HT-mediated actions. Such information is essential for accelerating the development of novel treatment strategies for the management of addiction to cathinones and other monoaminergic drugs.
摘要

项目成果

期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
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Stephen John Kohut其他文献

Stephen John Kohut的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Stephen John Kohut', 18)}}的其他基金

Synthetic Psychoactive "Bath Salt" Effects on Brain Activity and Behavior
合成精神活性“浴盐”对大脑活动和行为的影响
  • 批准号:
    10359764
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 69.3万
  • 项目类别:
Synthetic Psychoactive "Bath Salt" Effects on Brain Activity and Behavior
合成精神活性“浴盐”对大脑活动和行为的影响
  • 批准号:
    9913490
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 69.3万
  • 项目类别:
Translational models of brain activation patterns during nicotine self-administration and reinstatement
尼古丁自我给药和恢复过程中大脑激活模式的转化模型
  • 批准号:
    8869216
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 69.3万
  • 项目类别:
Translational models of brain activation patterns during nicotine self-administration and reinstatement
尼古丁自我给药和恢复过程中大脑激活模式的转化模型
  • 批准号:
    9249013
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 69.3万
  • 项目类别:

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