Patterns, predictors, and outcomes of paternal activation parenting

父亲激活养育的模式、预测因素和结果

基本信息

批准号：
10597034
负责人：
Julia Sarah Feldman
金额：
$ 2.28万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-05-01 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10597034
关键词：
3 year old Address Adult Age Applied Research Area Arousal Basic Science Behavior Black race Caregivers Characteristics Child Child Development Child Rearing Code Development Dimensions Education Educational process of instructing Educational workshop Emotional Environment Equation Equilibrium Exhibits Factor Analysis Family Fathers Future Generations Goals Income Individual Individual Adjustment Informal Social Control Investments Knowledge Latinx Learning Link Low income Measurement Measures Mental Depression Mentors Methods Modeling Mothers Multivariate Analysis National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Nursery Schools Outcome Parent-Child Relations Pattern Persons Play Prevention Procedures Psychosocial Assessment and Care Reporting Research Research Personnel Research Priority Risk Risk Taking Role Safety Sampling Scheme Security Site Stress Temperament Testing Toddler Training Training Programs Work caregiving depressive symptoms direct application early childhood ethnic diversity experience father child interaction father role fatherhood high risk improved learning strategy lower income families novel novel strategies paternal caregiving skills social culture sociodemographic factors socioeconomic disadvantage socioeconomics theories traditional care verbal

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Extant research on paternal caregiving in early childhood has typically relied on traditional caregiving dimensions derived from research and theory on mothers (e.g., sensitivity).2 However, some have argued that fathers play a unique role in promoting children's experiences and relationships with individuals outside of the security provided by attachment relationships through activation parenting (AP).5,13,14 AP includes behaviors that challenge children to approach novel situations, explore their environments, and take physical and socioemotional risks, through a balance of encouragement and limit-setting.3,4,7,15 Whereas components of AP have been linked to children's self-regulation (SR) skills, comprehensive measures of AP and, importantly, longitudinal research on Black and Latinx families from low socioeconomic backgrounds is lacking.7 These limitations greatly constrain our understanding of the potential benefits of paternal AP for children's emerging SR. Thus, the overall goal of the application is to test associations between paternal AP, paternal characteristics, and children's SR skills, in a sample of low-income, ethnically-diverse fathers. The specific aims are to: 1) validate a novel AP coding scheme and generate a latent factor for paternal AP in clean-up and teaching tasks; 2) test unique associations between paternal AP and children's SR skills, with the hypothesis that higher levels of paternal AP will be associated with higher child SR at ages 4 and 5, especially for children who exhibit an optimal level of activation; and 3) test unique associations between paternal factors and paternal AP, with the hypothesis that higher family income and paternal education, lower paternal depressive symptoms, and being Black and/or Latinx will be associated with higher levels of paternal AP. The 24-month training plan proposed in the application will provide necessary training to support the applicant in advancing their expertise to become an independent researcher. The program of training comprises three areas: 1) expand knowledge of research on fatherhood, especially Black and Latinx fathers; 2) gain experience with methods used in observational coding of parent-child interactions with a specific focus on the construct and coding of AP; and 3) learn and apply multilevel analytic procedures to multivariate analyses. Professional development opportunities will be infused throughout the training period. Results from the proposed research could have important implications for basic and applied research on children's SR, and specifically promoting AP in fathers during early childhood. Similarly, improving understanding of the determinants of paternal AP would also inform future targets of prevention efforts to promote paternal AP in early childhood.

项目摘要关于幼儿期父亲照顾的现有研究通常依赖于传统的照顾从母亲的研究和理论得出的维度（例如，敏感性）。2然而，有人认为父亲在促进儿童的经历和与个人之外的个人的关系方面发挥了独特的作用附件关系通过激活育儿（AP）提供的安全性。5,13,14AP包括行为挑战儿童以应对新颖情况，探索他们的环境，并进行身体和通过鼓励和限制的平衡，社会情感风险3,4,7,15，而AP的组成部分与儿童的自我调节（SR）技能，AP的全面度量有关，重要的是缺乏对来自低社会经济背景的黑人和拉丁裔家庭的纵向研究。7这些局限性极大地限制了我们对父亲AP对儿童新兴的潜在益处的理解 Sr。因此，应用的总体目标是测试父亲AP之间的关联特征和儿童的SR技能，在低收入，种族多样的父亲的样本中。具体目的是：1）验证一种新型的AP编码方案，并在清理和教学任务； 2）测试父亲AP与儿童SR技能之间的独特关联，并具有假设较高水平的父亲AP将与4岁和5岁的儿童SR相关，特别是对于儿童谁表现出最佳的激活水平； 3）测试父亲因素与父亲AP，假设家庭收入和父亲教育较高，父亲抑郁症较低症状，黑色和/或拉丁裔将与较高水平的父亲AP相关。 24个月申请中提出的培训计划将提供必要的培训，以支持申请人推进他们成为一名独立研究人员的专业知识。培训计划包括三个领域：1）扩大对父亲身份的研究知识，尤其是黑人和拉丁裔父亲； 2）获得经验用于观察父母互动的观察性编码的方法，以对结构的特定重点和 AP的编码； 3）学习和应用多级分析程序对多元分析。专业的在整个培训期间，将注入开发机会。拟议研究的结果可能对儿童SR的基础和应用研究具有重要的影响，并专门促进幼儿时期的父亲的AP。同样，提高对父亲AP的决定因素的理解还将为未来的预防目标提供促进父亲AP在幼儿期的目标。