Impact of Lifestyle Disruptions on Problem Drinking in Young Adulthood

生活方式紊乱对青少年饮酒问题的影响

• 批准号: 10600616
• 负责人: Fernanda Chardulo Dias De Andrade
• 金额: $ 4.11万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-12-01 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10600616
• 关键词: Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Behavior; Brain; Chemicals; Cognitive; Competence; Complement; Complex; Cues; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Development; Education; Effectiveness; Enrollment; Environment; Equation; Family; Foundations; Frequencies; Funding; Goals; Grant; Habits; Health; Heavy Drinking; Housing; Individual; Individual Differences; Informal Social Control; Intention; Intervention; Knowledge; Life; Life Style; Measures; Methods; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neurobiology; North Carolina; Outcome; Participant; Patient Recruitments; Personality Tests; Persons; Population; Prevention; Process; Psychological Dependence; Psychological Impact; Publications; Recurrence; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Sampling; Science; Self-control as a personality trait; Social Change; Social Network; Social Sciences; Societies; Substance Use Disorder; Surveys; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Translating; Translational Research; Translations; Variant; Woman; Work; Writing; binge drinking; career; critical period; data resource; design; deter alcohol use; drinking; drinking behavior; environmental change; evidence base; experience; flexibility; hedonic; interdisciplinary approach; longitudinal design; men; multidisciplinary; protective factors; reduced alcohol use; skills; social; social science research; statistics; substance use; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY Problem drinking, defined as recurrent moderate-to-heavy drinking (3-14 drinks/week for men, 2-7 drinks/week for women)31, is a common behavior in young adulthood. Despite risks, interventions aimed at reducing problematic alcohol use among young adults yield only modest effects. One potential reason is that, among many contributing factors, drinking can be a habit37. Habits are behaviors that occur in stable contexts (same people, places, times), and that are independent of intentions. Instead, habits rely on internal and external contextual cues that have been consistently associated with the activity39. When cues are disrupted, habits are also flexible to change. To the extent that non-pathological, yet problematic alcohol use can be habitual, periods characterized by changes could open opportunities for shifts in problem drinking behavior. Young adulthood is one such period of multiple life disruptions and is often characterized by changes to habit- sustaining cues, including environments, social networks, and activities. Young adulthood may thus be a unique “window of opportunity” for translating intentions into change39. This project aims to 1) identify whether problem drinking can function as a habit; 2) identify whether habitual problem drinking can be disrupted during transitions; and to 3) determine whether effortful processes (e.g., intentions, self-regulation) supersede habits when cues are disrupted. The proposed project will involve participant recruitment, data collection, and analysis for two studies. Studies will leverage a participant population enrolled in a large project maintained by the Sponsor’s NIDA-funded Center, as well as previously collected data and resources from the Center. The applicant’s long-term career goal is to approach the study of substance use from multidisciplinary perspectives and to capably communicate with translational research scholars to inform prevention and intervention efforts, ultimately reducing the impact of alcohol use on individuals and society. The applicant’s specific training goals involve complementing current training in social sciences, research design, and statistics by: 1) gaining knowledge of the neurobiology of alcohol use and its effect on the developing brain; 2) application of intensive longitudinal methods and data analysis for the study of alcohol use in daily life; 3) gaining foundational knowledge of prevention science and translational research as it relates to alcohol use; 4) enhancing skills in publication, dissemination, and networking; and 5) gaining further training in grant writing. The proposed training plan was strategically developed to accelerate the applicant’s development as an independent social sciences researcher with a multidisciplinary approach and knowledge of alcohol use, as well as skills to test complex models using diverse designs and analytical strategies.

项目概要 饮酒问题，定义为反复中度至重度饮酒（男性每周 3-14 杯，每周 2-7 杯） 对于女性）31，是青年时期的常见行为。尽管存在风险，但干预措施旨在减少 年轻人有问题的饮酒只会产生轻微的影响。一个潜在的原因是，其中 影响因素有很多，饮酒可能成为一种习惯37。习惯是在稳定的环境中发生的行为（相同的 人、地点、时间），并且与意图无关。相反，习惯依赖于内部和外部 与活动始终相关的上下文线索39。当线索被打乱时，习惯就会 也可以灵活改变。在某种程度上，非病态但有问题的饮酒可能是习惯性的， 以变​​化为特征的时期可能为改变问题饮酒行为提供机会。年轻的 成年期就是这样一个生活受到多重干扰的时期，其特点往往是习惯的改变。 维持线索，包括环境、社交网络和活动。因此，青年时期可能是一个 将意图转化为变革的独特“机会之窗”39。该项目的目的是 1) 确定是否 饮酒问题可能会成为一种习惯； 2）确定是否可以在期间中断习惯性饮酒问题 过渡； 3）确定努力的过程（例如意图、自我调节）是否取代习惯 当线索被打乱时。拟议的项目将涉及参与者招募、数据收集和 两项研究的分析。研究将利用参与大型项目的参与者群体，该项目由 主办方的 NIDA 资助中心，以及之前从该中心收集的数据和资源。这 申请人的长期职业目标是从多学科角度进行药物使用研究 并与转化研究学者进行有效沟通，为预防和干预工作提供信息， 最终减少饮酒对个人和社会的影响。申请人的具体培训目标 涉及通过以下方式补充当前社会科学、研究设计和统计学方面的培训：1) 获得 了解饮酒的神经生物学及其对大脑发育的影响； 2）应用强化 研究日常生活中饮酒情况的纵向方法和数据分析； 3）打好基础 与饮酒相关的预防科学和转化研究知识； 4) 提高技能 出版、传播和联网； 5) 获得资助写作方面的进一步培训。拟议的 战略性地制定培训计划，以加速申请人作为独立社会人的发展 具有多学科方法和酒精使用知识以及测试技能的科学研究人员 使用不同设计和分析策略的复杂模型。