Neural dynamics of speech encoding and maintenance during phonological working memory

语音工作记忆过程中语音编码和维护的神经动力学

• 批准号: 10606499
• 负责人: Terri Lynn Scott
• 金额: $ 6.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-14 至 2024-04-13
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10606499
• 关键词: Acoustics; Area; Auditory; Basic Science; Behavior; Brain; Buffers; Clinical; Clinical assessments; Cognitive; Coupling; Critiques; Dedications; Delayed Memory; Diagnostic; Electrocorticogram; Electrodes; Exhibits; Frequencies; Hearing; Human; Intractable Epilepsy; Language; Language Development; Language Development Disorders; Learning; Left; Magnetoencephalography; Maintenance; Measures; Medical; Memory; Memory impairment; Modeling; Operative Surgical Procedures; Participant; Patients; Perception; Performance; Phase; Phonetics; Play; Population; Process; Property; Resolution; Role; Short-Term Memory; Source; Speech; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Stimulus; Superior temporal gyrus; Surface; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Vocabulary; Work; awake; density; indexing; innovation; language processing; literacy; member; mental representation; millimeter; millisecond; neural; neural circuit; neuroimaging; phonology; recruit; remediation; response; skills; spatiotemporal; support network; temporal measurement; tool; trait

PROJECT SUMMARY Phonological working memory is the capacity to maintain and manipulate representations of speech sounds temporarily in working memory. It is believed to play a critical role in many aspects of language development, such as vocabulary learning, sentence processing, and acquisition of literacy skills, and deficits of phonological working memory are diagnostic of many developmental language disorders. The classic theoretical framework for phonological working memory posits that information is held in a dedicated working memory storage buffer, separate from speech perception cortex; although more recent cognitive models favor a view in which the same cortical substrate responsible for perception of phonological information also supports maintenance of those neural representations during working memory delay. Indeed, recent human neuroimaging studies show phonological working memory load-dependent recruitment of speech-perception cortex during a variety of tasks and in particular, activation in left superior temporal gyrus has been shown to correlate with out-of-scanner performance on clinical assessments of phonological working memory. However, because these studies are not able to temporally distinguish activation during phonological encoding from persistent maintenance of phonological representations after encoding, we do not know which of these processes to attribute to the observed correlations with behavior. Therefore, the theoretical implications of these findings, as well as their clinical interpretations, critically depend on resolving phonological encoding and working memory maintenance processes in time and space. We propose to investigate the neural dynamics of phonological working memory using intracranial electrocorticography, which allows for the simultaneous recording of many discrete neural populations with millimeter- and millisecond-resolution by placing electrodes directly on the cortical surface of the brains of awake, behaving human patients undergoing surgery for medically intractable epilepsy. This technique will allow us to observe directly the relationship between speech encoding and maintenance during phonological working memory. Through three specific aims we will (1) determine the time course of neural activation during phonological working memory across the cortex, (2) determine whether the same perceptual systems that represent phonological information during encoding also actively maintain those representations during working memory, and (3) determine whether perceptual speech systems participate in broader network-level dynamics during working memory maintenance. By achieving these aims, this project will advance our understanding of the role perceptual speech systems play during phonological working memory. Ultimately, such findings can be used to inform the theoretical basis for the role of phonological working memory in language development and has implications for the clinical characterization and remediation of phonological working memory deficits.

项目摘要 语音工作记忆是维护和操纵语音表示的能力 在工作记忆中暂时听起来。据信它在语言的许多方面都起着关键作用 开发，例如词汇学习，句子处理和读写能力的获取和赤字 语音工作记忆是许多发育语言障碍的诊断。经典 语音工作记忆的理论框架认为，信息是在专用工作中保存的 内存存储缓冲区，与语音感知皮层分开；虽然最近的认知模型有利 同一皮质底物也负责感知语音信息的观点 支持在工作记忆延迟期间维护这些神经表示。确实，最近的人 神经影像学研究表明语音工作记忆与语音感知的募集有关 在各种任务中，尤其是在左上颞回中激活的皮质已显示为 在语音工作记忆的临床评估上，与扫描仪的表现相关。然而， 因为这些研究无法在语音编码期间的暂时区分激活与 编码后的语音表示持续维护，我们不知道其中哪一个 过程归因于观察到的与行为的相关性。因此，理论上的含义 这些发现以及它们的临床解释，严重依赖于解决语音编码和 时间和空间的工作记忆维护过程。我们建议研究 使用颅内电视学的语音工作记忆，该记忆允许同时进行 通过放置电极来记录许多具有毫米和毫秒分辨率的神经种群 直接在清醒大脑的皮质表面上，表现为手术的人类患者 医学上棘手的癫痫。这项技术将使我们能够直接观察语音之间的关系 语音工作记忆期间的编码和维护。通过三个特定目标，我们将（1） 确定整个皮质的语音工作记忆过程中神经激活的时间过程，（2） 确定在编码过程中代表语音信息的相同感知系统是否也 在工作记忆期间积极维护这些表示形式，（3）确定是否感知语音 在工作记忆维护期间，系统参与更广泛的网络级动力学。通过实现 这些目标，该项目将促进我们对感知语音系统在期间扮演的角色的理解 语音工作记忆。最终，此类发现可用于告知理论基础。 语言发展中的语音工作记忆，对临床表征具有影响 并修复语音工作记忆缺陷。