Understanding how opioids affect the experiential and neural signatures of feelings of social connection with close others

项目摘要 与亲密的人建立社会联系是人类的基本需求。感觉与他人可靠地联系 并强烈预测健康和幸福，而感觉与他人脱节或孤立， 影响健康。然而，不太清楚的是，社会的主观感受 随着时间的推移保持联系。内源性阿片类药物可能有助于与亲密的社会联系 朋友，恋人，还有家人具体来说，纳洛酮，一种常见的药物处方，以帮助 不幸的是，从成瘾中恢复会阻止天然存在的阿片类药物的作用， 在其他方面健康的样本中，对亲密他人的社会联系感觉减少。这些发现 提高了一种可能性，即用于治疗成瘾的药物可能会对以下之一产生意想不到的障碍： 长期维持的最有效因素：密切的社会关系。根据这些发现， 人们越来越感兴趣的是阿片途径是否有助于社会联系的感觉， 以因果关系的方式接近他人，以及这些影响如何发生。父项目的主要目标 是为了澄清阿片类药物的因果关系的作用（1）日常，社会联系的自然主义的感觉外， 实验室，（2）社会联系的感觉的神经信号，（3）社会联系的感觉， 使用标准化实验室任务对与朋友和家人的个性化体验做出反应。 对于目前的补充，以促进健康科学的多样性，学士后候选人，女士。 伊萨贝拉克鲁兹-维斯帕将领导一项新的横断面调查研究，以扩展目标1并评估这种关联 社会联系感和报告的吸毒情况之间的联系因此，在一年的轮换过程中， PI的实验室，候选人将从开始到结束实施研究性学习，并且还将 有机会出席国内和国际会议。进一步加强候选人的研究 在实验室的经验，候选人将接受培训的方法中使用的父项目，包括 神经成像、生态瞬时评估和药物管理。最后，候选人将获得 广泛的一对一指导，以准备她申请研究生院，和独立的资金， 并将完成专业和职业发展活动，增加她的简历的实力。

Project Summary Social connection with close others is a fundamental human need. Feeling connected to others reliably and robustly predicts health and wellbeing whereas feeling disconnected or isolated from others negatively impacts health. Less well understood, however, are the processes by which subjective feelings of social connection are maintained over time. Endogenous opioids may contribute to social connection with close friends, romantic partners, and family. Specifically, naltrexone, a common medication prescribed to assist in the recovery from addiction that blocks the action of naturally occurring opioids, unfortunately leads to a reduction in feelings of social connection toward close others in an otherwise healthy sample. These findings raise the possibility that the medication used to treat addiction may introduce an unintended barrier to one of the most effective contributors to long-term maintenance: close social relationships. Based on these findings, there has been a growing interest in whether opioid pathways contribute to feelings of social connection with close others in a causal manner and how these effects might occur. The primary objective of the parent project is to clarify the causal role of opioids in (1) daily, naturalistic feelings of social connection outside of the laboratory, (2) the neural signatures of feelings of social connection, and (3) feelings of social connection in response to personalized experiences with friends and family using standardized laboratory tasks. For the current supplement to promote diversity in health science, a post-baccalaureate candidate, Ms. Isabela Cruz-Vespa, will lead a new cross-sectional survey study to extend Aim 1 and assess the association between feelings of social connection and reported drug use. Thus, over the course of a one-year rotation in the PI’s laboratory, the candidate will implement a research study from the beginning to end and will also have the opportunity to present at internal and national conferences. To further enhance the candidate’s research experience in the lab, the candidate will receive training on the methods used in the parent project, including neuroimaging, ecological momentary assessment, and drug administration. Finally, the candidate will receive extensive one-on-one mentoring to prepare her for application to graduate school, and independent funding, and will complete professional and career development activities that increase the strength of her CV.