Mali ICEMR Project 1: The Epidemiology of Malaria Control Strategies

马里 ICEMR 项目 1：疟疾控制策略的流行病学

• 批准号: 10590593
• 负责人: NAFOMON SOGOBA
• 金额: $ 12.86万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF SCIENCES, TECH & TECH OF BAMAKO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-18 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10590593
• 关键词: Adult; Africa; Anopheles Genus; Behavior; Binding; Bite; Cessation of life; Child; Disease; Epidemiology; Exhibits; Exposure to; Geographic Distribution; Geography; Goals; Guidelines; Human; Immune response; Incidence; Infant; Infection; Insecticides; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Knowledge; Length; Link; Long-Term Effects; Malaria; Mali; Maternal Exposure; Modeling; Parasites; Pattern; Plasmodium falciparum; Population; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Prevention; Resistance; Risk; Sahara; Seasons; Site; Sporozoites; Variant; asexual; cohort; malaria infection; malaria transmission; offspring; resilience; resistance mechanism; tool; transmission process; vector; vector control; vector mosquito

PROJECT 1 SUMMARY Wide deployment of malaria control tools in the past decade, has significantly contribute to substantial reduction of the incidence and deaths related to the disease in Sub-sahara Africa (ref). Yet, the region continues to carry a disproportionately high share of the global malaria burden of malaria deaths. Moreover incidence remains high but stable in some settings while rebounding in others after a long period of decrease associated with intensive deployment of malaria control tools. The gap in our knowledge that this project will fill is information on the relationships interaction among current combination of malaria control interventions, entomologic aspects of transmission and the incidence of human infection and disease in different eco-zones across West Africa that span the savanna and sub-Saharan Sahel region. The goal of this project is to understand why different patterns of malaria epidemiology and endemicity are resilient to current control strategies at four sites in Mali. The four field sites exhibit different endemicities, length of seasonality, and different combinations of control interventions and duration of implementation of those interventions. The specific aims are 1] Determine a cohort-based long-term effect of concurrent malaria control interventions on the incidence of uncomplicated and severe malaria in relation with asexual an sexual malaria infections at 4 ecological settings with different combination of malaria control interventions in West Africa; 2] Determine seasonal changes in malaria vector population composition, biting behavior and sporozoite rates in relation with ongoing vector control tools deployed on each ecological setting; 3] Assess the relationships between temporal and spatial variations in vector epidemiological parameters, and P. falciparum infection and disease in human populations. This project links the different aspects of malaria transmission and disease into a unified whole, adding the ability to distinguish the contributions of different malaria control interventions on parasite population and range of immune responses (Project 2, Immunopahtogenesis) and seasonal and geographical distribution of Anopheline mosquitoes vectors (Project 3). Understanding the factors relating entomologic and epidemiological patterns of transmission will provide more definitive guidelines for malaria control efforts in Mali and in West Africa.

项目 1 摘要 过去十年来广泛部署疟疾控制工具，做出了重大贡献 大幅减少撒哈拉以南地区与该疾病相关的发病率和死亡人数 非洲（参考）。然而，该地区在全球经济中所占的份额仍然过高。 疟疾造成的死亡负担。此外，某些地区的发病率仍然很高但稳定 的设置，而在其他方面则在长期下降后反弹 密集部署疟疾控制工具。我们对该项目的认识存在差距 将填写有关当前疟疾组合之间相互关系的信息 控制干预措施、传播的昆虫学方面和人类发病率 西非跨越稀树草原和不同生态区的感染和疾病 撒哈拉以南萨赫勒地区。该项目的目标是了解为什么不同 疟疾流行病学和地方病的模式能够适应当前的控制策略 在马里的四个地点。四个野外地点表现出不同的地方性、季节性的长短、 以及控制干预措施的不同组合和实施这些措施的持续时间 干预措施。具体目标是 1] 确定基于队列的长期效果 同步疟疾控制干预措施对无并发症和严重疟疾发病率的影响 疟疾与 4 个生态环境中的无性和性疟疾感染有关 西非疟疾控制干预措施的不同组合； 2]确定 疟疾病媒种群构成、叮咬行为和季节性变化 子孢子率与每个生态系统上持续部署的病媒控制工具有关 环境; 3]评估向量的时间和空间变化之间的关系 人类流行病学参数以及恶性疟原虫感染和疾病 人口。该项目将疟疾传播和疾病的不同方面联系起来 成为一个统一的整体，增加了区分不同疟疾的贡献的能力 对寄生虫种群和免疫反应范围的控制干预措施（项目 2， 按蚊的免疫发病机制）以及季节性和地理分布 蚊子媒介（项目 3）。了解昆虫学和相关因素 流行病学传播模式将为疟疾提供更明确的指导方针 马里和西非的控制努力。