The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent drinking in a longitudinal cohort spanning 21 U.S. cities

项目摘要/摘要 青少年酗酒会带来严重的疾病负担。冠状病毒病2019(新冠肺炎) 大流行给青少年的日常生活带来了前所未有的变化，影响到了几个领域， 建立与饮酒有关的联系(例如，压力增加和家庭冲突)。然而，目前还没有公布的数据 在大流行期间青少年饮酒的进程；每次大流行相关的具体影响 改变(如社交距离、远程教育、父母在家工作)对青少年饮酒的影响； 加剧或缓冲大流行对饮酒的影响的风险/复原力因素；或COVID- 19在青年和家庭成员中进行感染/疫苗接种，以便在病前或病后饮酒。因此，我们缺乏 指导有效的公共卫生战略所需的时间敏感信息。我们建议解决这个问题 使用青少年大脑和认知发展的二次数据分析的紧急、时间敏感性需求SM 这项研究是一个大型(N=11,880)、纵向的、全国性的青少年队列，跨越21个研究地点 美国。参与者在研究开始前接受了29个月的前瞻性跟踪。 在对酒精和毒品使用的多项评估中，精神/身体方面都有很好的特点 健康和家庭/社区环境。9031名参与者和他们的父母完成了最多七个波 在2020年5月至2021年5月期间进行的一系列调查，每项调查都衡量了青少年的饮酒情况和在 新冠肺炎大流行。通过结合特征良好的、社会人口统计学上多样化的全国队列 在大流行前招募，并在大流行的前14个月对该队列进行连续评估， ABCD Study®在研究青少年在流行病期间的酒精使用方面具有突出的潜力。我们追求的是 四个具体目标。目标1：描述青少年在新冠肺炎大流行期间饮酒的情况并进行评估 饮酒与(A)参与公共卫生预防措施(例如，社交距离)、(B)改变 在学校状况和形式方面，(C)对日常生活的干扰，(D)情绪健康和压力/担心 新冠肺炎，(E)家庭压力/不和，和(F)父母饮酒。目标2：确定青少年的弱势群体 新冠肺炎大流行对酒精使用影响最严重的人提供有针对性的筛查信息 和支持，按青年性别/性别/年龄/种族/民族、社会经济劣势、家庭进行差异测试 以及同龄人环境，或年轻人容易过早饮酒。目标3：评估新冠肺炎的关联度 青少年病前和病后饮酒对青少年及其家庭成员的感染。目标 4：确定青年接种疫苗对随后的酒精使用模式的影响。研究活动有 有组织地迅速产生调查结果并广泛传播，以最好地支持对时间敏感的公众 健康战略。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Adolescent alcohol abuse conveys significant disease burden. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has wrought unprecedented changes to adolescents’ daily lives, affecting several domains with well- establish links to alcohol use (e.g., increased stress and family conflict). However, there is no published data the course of adolescent drinking across the duration of the pandemic; the specific effects of each pandemic-related change (e.g., social distancing, remote schooling, parents working from home) on adolescents’ drinking; risk/resiliency factors exacerbating or buffering against pandemic’s impact on drinking; or the relation of COVID- 19 infection/vaccination among youth and family members to pre-morbid or post-morbid drinking. Thus, we lack the time-sensitive information necessary to guide an effective public health strategy. We propose to address this urgent, time-sensitive need using secondary data analysis of the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study, a large (N=11,880), longitudinal, nationwide cohort of adolescents spanning 21 study sites across the United States. Participants had been followed prospectively for a median of 29 months before the beginning of the pandemic and were well-characterized across multiple assessments of alcohol and drug use, mental/physical health, and family/community environment. 9,031+ participants and their parents completed up to seven waves of surveys between May 2020 and May 2021, each measuring teen’s drinking and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. By combining a well-characterized, sociodemographically diverse, nationwide cohort recruited before the pandemic with serial assessments of that cohort across the first 14 months of the pandemic, the ABCD Study® has outstanding potential to study adolescent alcohol use during the pandemic. We pursue four specific aims. Aim 1: Describe adolescent drinking over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate associations of drinking with (a) engagement in public health precautions (e.g., social distancing), (b) changes in schooling status and format, (c) disruptions to daily routines, (d) emotional health and stress/worry about COVID-19, (e) family stress/discord, and (f) parents’ drinking. Aim 2: Identify vulnerable groups of adolescents whose alcohol use has been impacted most severely by the COVID-19 pandemic to inform targeted screening and support, testing for differences by youth sex/gender/age/race/ethnicity, socioeconomic disadvantage, family and peer environment, or youth predisposition to early drinking. Aim 3: Evaluate the association of COVID-19 infection in adolescents and their family members with adolescents’ pre-morbid and post-morbid drinking. Aim 4: Determine the impact of youth vaccination on subsequent alcohol use patterns. Research activities are structured to produce findings rapidly and disseminate them widely, to best support the time-sensitive public health strategy.