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The role of negative reinforcement in drug abuse

负强化在药物滥用中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
10244062
负责人：
Matthew L Banks
金额：
$ 21.91万
依托单位：
VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-03-01 至 2023-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10244062
关键词：
Address Affect Attenuated Automobile Driving Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Research Brain region Chronic Clinical Cocaine Conflict (Psychology)Data Development Diagnosis Dopamine Drug Exposure Drug abuse Effectiveness Employment Environment Excision Exploratory/Developmental Grant Female Fentanyl Food Food Interactions Foundations Future Goals Impairment Infusion procedures Injections Intravenous Knowledge Lead Literature Methods Negative Reinforcements Negative Reinforcer Neurotransmitters Opiate Addiction Opioid Oral Contraceptives Pathway interactions Pharmaceutical Preparations Positive Reinforcer Probability Procedures Process Psychological reinforcement Rattus Research Research Personnel Role Self Administration Shock Signal Transduction Social Interaction Speed Stimulus Substance Use Disorder System Techniques Testing Thinking addiction attenuation cocaine self-administration cost designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs drug misuse drug of abuse drug reinforcement high risk improved innovation insight male neurotransmission non-drug novel novel therapeutics opioid use opioid withdrawal pre-clinical pre-clinical research prevent psychostimulant reinforced behavior reinforcer response stimulant use disorder transcription factor transcriptome sequencing treatment strategy unintended pregnancy

项目摘要

Project Summary Behavior is governed by contingencies that relate consequent stimuli to responses in the presence of discrete discriminative stimuli. The progression of abused drug misuse to a substance use disorder is diagnosed, in part, by behavior being misallocated towards the abused drug as the positive reinforcer and away from nondrug alternative positive reinforcers (e.g. social interaction, food, employment). Much of this scientific literature has focused on how chronic drug exposure degrades these positive reinforcing stimuli. In contrast, there are few studies that have examined how chronic drug exposure alters behaviors maintained by negative reinforcers (e.g. driving the speed limit to remove the presentation of a speeding ticket). This R21 CEBRA application proposes preclinical research in female and male rats to determine the effects of extended access fentanyl or cocaine self- administration and subsequent termination on behavior maintained by negative reinforcement. Aim #1 will establish a drug-vs-negative reinforcer choice procedure in male and female rats. Aim #2 will compare effects of extended access drug self-administration and extended access negative reinforcement on drug-vs-negative reinforcer chocie.

项目摘要行为是由偶然性支配的，这些偶然性使随后的刺激与在离散存在的情况下的反应有关歧视性刺激。滥用药物滥用到物质使用障碍的进展在一定程度上被诊断出来，被错误地分配给滥用药物作为积极增强剂的行为，而不是非药物替代的积极增强剂(例如，社交、食物、就业)。这些科学文献中的大部分都有重点是长期接触毒品如何降低这些积极的强化刺激。相比之下，几乎没有研究了长期药物暴露如何改变负性强化者的行为(例如：驾驶限速以取消出示超速罚单)。此R21 CEBRA应用程序提出在雌性和雄性大鼠中进行临床前研究，以确定延长使用芬太尼或可卡因自身的效果通过消极强化维持的行为的管理和随后的终止。目标#1将在雄性和雌性大鼠中建立药物对阴性增强子的选择程序。目标2将比较以下各项的效果延伸通路药物自我给药与延伸通路负面强化对药物与阴性的影响增强剂精选。