Disasters, solar energy, and chronic disease management in aging Puerto Ricans

波多黎各老年人的灾害、太阳能和慢性病管理

• 批准号: 10632591
• 负责人: MARK B PADILLA
• 金额: $ 1.48万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-01 至 2026-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10632591
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Aging; Altruism; American; Applications Grants; Applied Research; Caribbean region; Categories; Characteristics; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Climate; Communities; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disasters; Disease Management; Earthquakes; Electricity; Emotional; Energy-Generating Resources; Ethnography; Event; Face; Food; Fostering; Geography; Government Agencies; Happiness; Health; Homes for the Aged; Hurricane; Individual; Interruption; Interview; Island; Kidney Diseases; Knowledge; Local Government; Location; Mental Health; Mentors; Modeling; Movement; Natural Disasters; Patients; Policies; Policy Developments; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Process; Pueblo Race; Puerto Rican; Puerto Rico; Recording of previous events; Recovery; Research; Respiratory Disease; Restaurants; Role; Rural; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Series; Solar Energy; Structure; Surveys; Technology; Training; United States; Work; aging population; base; career; commune; community engagement; community organizations; doctoral student; experience; extreme weather; improved; member; multilevel analysis; population health; resilience; response; weather-related disaster

A. Project Abstract On September 2017 Hurricane María hit Puerto Rico (PR), a US territory populated by 3.2 million American citizens. The event reached PR as a category 4 hurricane and caused the longest electric power outage in US history. Two years later the electric grid was further damaged by a series of earthquakes in the southern part of the Island. Some communities still experience a complete lack of electricity, and most face frequent power outages. The implications of this interrupted access to electricity on the population’s health have gone unexplored in the Caribbean, where extreme events are expected to increase in intensity. Energy independence through direct access to solar power has begun to appear in PR through the work of community organizations. One model case is that of Casa Pueblo (CP), a non-profit community organization that has spearheaded the movement for energy independence on the Island. Located in the rural town of Adjuntas, CP has begun to provide solar panels to members in the communities. They have electrified essential locations in adjacent communities (e.g., small food markets, restaurants) and individual homes of elderly populations and those with energy-dependent chronic conditions – such as renal disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes – with the aim of improving CDM during the Island’s frequent power outages. In response to PAR-19-250 (Environmental Influences on Aging: Effects of Extreme Weather and Disaster Events on Aging Populations) we currently carrying out a project theoretically informed by a framework on disaster and climate-resilience approaches to health in order to explore the multilevel factors that enable local government agencies, communities, and individuals to adapt to energy independence in their settings, and thereby address their implications for CDM. These are the study’s current aims: Aim 1 – Through our partnership with CP, explore the process experienced by communities and the aging population (≥50 years) living with chronic diseases while adapting to energy independence (e.g., introduction of the technology, training on its use, access to energized communal points) in order to better understand how communal characteristics (e.g., collective identity, perceived individualism) can hinder or foster CDM among those with renal disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes. Aim 2 – Systematically document from a multilevel perspective (i.e., individual, community and structural) the perceived barriers and facilitators for adopting energy independence strategies in PR. Aim 3 – Document resilience related variables at the individual (e.g., self-efficacy, positive attitudes, knowledge, altruism), communal (e.g., emotional connection, group membership), and structural (i.e., power outages, geographical variables) levels that can foster effective CDM among aging populations in need of electricity-based treatments (i.e., renal disease, respiratory disease, diabetes). To achieve the proposed aims we will conduct a detailed ethnographic observation/mapping of CP, we will engage in a multilevel analysis of the community-based energy independence through 45 tiered in-depth semi-structured qualitative interviews with chronic disease patients ≥50 years with a range of access to CP’s solar installations, and qualitative interviews will be conducted with individuals engaged at the policy-, administrative- or technical-levels working within the field of sustainable energy and disaster recovery. In addition, we will administer a survey to a sample of 345 chronic disease patients in the town of Adjuntas who have direct, indirect and no access to independent energy sources. Our research will contribute to policy development and dissemination regarding the role of community engagement and energy independence in managing technology-dependent chronic diseases among aging populations in the United States and the Caribbean that are vulnerable to energy insecurity and natural disasters.

A.项目摘要 2017年9月，玛丽亚飓风袭击了波多黎各（PR），这是美国领土 320万美国公民。该活动以4类飓风到达PR，并造成了 美国历史上最长的电力中断。两年后，电网进一步 该岛南部被一系列地震损坏。仍然有些社区 经历完全缺乏电力，并且大多数人经常遇到停电。 这种中断的电力访问对人口健康的影响已经消失了 在加勒比海地区，预计强度会增加。 通过直接进入太阳能的能源独立性已开始出现在PR中 通过社区组织的工作。一种模型情况是Casa Pueblo（CP），A 率领能源运动的非营利社区组织 岛上的独立性。 CP位于Adjuntas的粗糙小镇，已开始提供 太阳能电池板向社区成员。他们在 邻近的社区（例如，小型食品市场，餐馆）和各个房屋 人群和具有能量依赖性慢性疾病的人群 - 例如肾脏疾病， 呼吸道疾病和糖尿病 - 目的是在岛上改善CDM 停电。 响应于19帕佩（Pars-19-250）（环境对衰老的影响：极端的影响 人口老龄化的天气和灾难事件）我们目前正在进行一个项目 理论上是通过关于灾难和气候富度卫生方法的框架来告知的 为了探索使地方政府机构，社区和 个人适应其环境中的能源独立性，从而解决他们的 对CDM的影响。这些是研究目前的目标： 目标1 - 通过与CP的合作伙伴关系，探讨了经历的过程 社区和老龄化人口（≥50岁）患有慢性疾病，同时适应 能源独立性（例如，技术的引入，对其使用的培训，访问 充满活力的公共点），以更好地了解公共特征如何（例如， 集体身份，感知的个人主义）可能会阻碍或促进肾脏的CDM 疾病，呼吸道疾病和糖尿病。 AIM 2 - 从多层次的角度进行系统的记录（即个人， 社区和结构性）采用能量的感知障碍和促进者 公关中的独立策略。 AIM 3 - 对个人的文档弹性相关变量（例如，自我效能感， 积极的参与者，知识，利他主义），公共（例如，情感联系，小组 会员资格）和结构性（即停电，地理变量）级别可以促进 需要基于电力治疗的老化人群中的有效CDM（即肾脏 疾病，呼吸道疾病，糖尿病）。 为了实现拟议的目标，我们将进行详细的人种学 观察/映射CP，我们将对基于社区的多层次分析 能源独立性通过45个分层的深入半结构化定性访谈 慢性疾病患者≥50岁，可以使用CP的太阳装置，并且 定性访谈将与参与政策，行政或政策的个人进行 在可持续能源和灾难恢复领域工作的技术水平。此外， 我们将对Adjuntas镇的345名慢性病患者的样本进行调查 有直接，间接且无法获得独立能源的人。我们的研究会 对政策制定和有关社区作用的贡献 参与和能源独立性在管理依赖技术的慢性疾病方面 在美国和加勒比海衰老的人口 不安全感和自然灾害。