Disasters, solar energy, and chronic disease management in aging Puerto Ricans

波多黎各老年人的灾害、太阳能和慢性病管理

• 批准号: 10632591
• 负责人: MARK B PADILLA
• 金额: $ 1.48万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-01 至 2026-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10632591
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Aging; Altruism; American; Applications Grants; Applied Research; Caribbean region; Categories; Characteristics; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Climate; Communities; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Disasters; Disease Management; Earthquakes; Electricity; Emotional; Energy-Generating Resources; Ethnography; Event; Face; Food; Fostering; Geography; Government Agencies; Happiness; Health; Homes for the Aged; Hurricane; Individual; Interruption; Interview; Island; Kidney Diseases; Knowledge; Local Government; Location; Mental Health; Mentors; Modeling; Movement; Natural Disasters; Patients; Policies; Policy Developments; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Process; Pueblo Race; Puerto Rican; Puerto Rico; Recording of previous events; Recovery; Research; Respiratory Disease; Restaurants; Role; Rural; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Series; Solar Energy; Structure; Surveys; Technology; Training; United States; Work; aging population; base; career; commune; community engagement; community organizations; doctoral student; experience; extreme weather; improved; member; multilevel analysis; population health; resilience; response; weather-related disaster

A. Project Abstract On September 2017 Hurricane María hit Puerto Rico (PR), a US territory populated by 3.2 million American citizens. The event reached PR as a category 4 hurricane and caused the longest electric power outage in US history. Two years later the electric grid was further damaged by a series of earthquakes in the southern part of the Island. Some communities still experience a complete lack of electricity, and most face frequent power outages. The implications of this interrupted access to electricity on the population’s health have gone unexplored in the Caribbean, where extreme events are expected to increase in intensity. Energy independence through direct access to solar power has begun to appear in PR through the work of community organizations. One model case is that of Casa Pueblo (CP), a non-profit community organization that has spearheaded the movement for energy independence on the Island. Located in the rural town of Adjuntas, CP has begun to provide solar panels to members in the communities. They have electrified essential locations in adjacent communities (e.g., small food markets, restaurants) and individual homes of elderly populations and those with energy-dependent chronic conditions – such as renal disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes – with the aim of improving CDM during the Island’s frequent power outages. In response to PAR-19-250 (Environmental Influences on Aging: Effects of Extreme Weather and Disaster Events on Aging Populations) we currently carrying out a project theoretically informed by a framework on disaster and climate-resilience approaches to health in order to explore the multilevel factors that enable local government agencies, communities, and individuals to adapt to energy independence in their settings, and thereby address their implications for CDM. These are the study’s current aims: Aim 1 – Through our partnership with CP, explore the process experienced by communities and the aging population (≥50 years) living with chronic diseases while adapting to energy independence (e.g., introduction of the technology, training on its use, access to energized communal points) in order to better understand how communal characteristics (e.g., collective identity, perceived individualism) can hinder or foster CDM among those with renal disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes. Aim 2 – Systematically document from a multilevel perspective (i.e., individual, community and structural) the perceived barriers and facilitators for adopting energy independence strategies in PR. Aim 3 – Document resilience related variables at the individual (e.g., self-efficacy, positive attitudes, knowledge, altruism), communal (e.g., emotional connection, group membership), and structural (i.e., power outages, geographical variables) levels that can foster effective CDM among aging populations in need of electricity-based treatments (i.e., renal disease, respiratory disease, diabetes). To achieve the proposed aims we will conduct a detailed ethnographic observation/mapping of CP, we will engage in a multilevel analysis of the community-based energy independence through 45 tiered in-depth semi-structured qualitative interviews with chronic disease patients ≥50 years with a range of access to CP’s solar installations, and qualitative interviews will be conducted with individuals engaged at the policy-, administrative- or technical-levels working within the field of sustainable energy and disaster recovery. In addition, we will administer a survey to a sample of 345 chronic disease patients in the town of Adjuntas who have direct, indirect and no access to independent energy sources. Our research will contribute to policy development and dissemination regarding the role of community engagement and energy independence in managing technology-dependent chronic diseases among aging populations in the United States and the Caribbean that are vulnerable to energy insecurity and natural disasters.

A.项目摘要 2017年9月，飓风玛丽亚袭击了波多黎各（PR），这是一个美国领土， 3.2百万美国公民。该事件达到公关作为4级飓风，并造成 美国历史上最长的停电时间两年后，电网进一步 在该岛南部的一系列地震中受损。一些社区仍然 完全没有电力供应，大多数人经常面临停电。的 电力供应中断对人口健康的影响已经消失， 在加勒比地区，极端事件的强度预计会增加。 通过直接获得太阳能发电的能源独立已经开始出现在公关 通过社区组织的工作。一个典型案例是Casa Pueblo（CP）， 一个非营利的社区组织，它是能源运动的先锋 岛上的独立。CP位于农村城镇Adjuntas，已开始提供 太阳能电池板在社区的成员。他们已经在重要地点通电， 相邻社区（例如，小型食品市场、餐馆）和个别老人院 人口和那些依赖能量的慢性疾病-如肾脏疾病， 呼吸道疾病和糖尿病----目的是在该岛频繁的 停电了 根据PAR-19-250（环境对衰老的影响：极端环境的影响）， 气候和灾害事件对老龄化人口的影响），我们目前正在开展一个项目， 从理论上讲， 为了探索使地方政府机构、社区和 个人在其环境中适应能源独立，从而解决其 对CDM的影响。这些是本研究目前的目标： 目标1 -通过我们与CP的合作，探索 社区和老年人（≥50岁）患有慢性病，同时适应 能量独立性（例如，技术的引进、使用培训、 通电的公共点）以便更好地理解公共特性（例如， 集体认同，感知的个人主义）可以阻碍或促进肾功能衰竭患者的CDM 疾病、呼吸道疾病和糖尿病。 目标2 -从多层次的角度系统地记录（即，个人， 社区和结构）采用能源的感知障碍和促进因素 公关中的独立策略。 目标3 -记录个人的复原力相关变量（例如，自我效能， 积极的态度、知识、利他主义），社区（例如，情感联系、团体 成员资格），和结构（即，停电，地理变量）水平，可以促进 在需要基于电力的治疗的老龄人口中有效的CDM（即，肾 疾病、呼吸系统疾病、糖尿病）。 为了实现拟议的目标，我们将进行详细的民族志 观察/测绘CP，我们将从事多层次的分析，以社区为基础的 通过45个分层深入的半结构化定性访谈， ≥50岁的慢性病患者，可使用CP的太阳能装置，以及 定性访谈将与从事政策、行政或 在可持续能源和灾后恢复领域开展工作的技术层面。此外，本发明还提供了一种方法， 我们将对Adjuntas镇的345名慢性病患者进行调查， 他们直接、间接或无法获得独立的能源。我们的研究将 促进关于社区作用的政策制定和传播 参与和能源独立管理技术依赖性慢性病 在美国和加勒比地区的老龄化人口中， 不安全和自然灾害。