Improving Reproducibility of Respondent Driven Sampling through Adaptive Design - Diversity Supplement

通过自适应设计提高受访者驱动抽样的可重复性 - 多样性补充

• 批准号: 10631522
• 负责人: Sung-Hee Lee
• 金额: $ 1.26万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-15 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10631522
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Area; Attention; Behavior; COVID-19; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 vaccination; Cities; Communities; Data; Data Collection; Data Science; Drug usage; Ego; Elderly; Epidemic; Ethnic Origin; Grant; Harm Reduction; Health; Incidence; Injecting drug user; Measures; Methods; Michigan; Overdose; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Population; Positioning Attribute; Preventive; Public Health; Race; Reporting; Reproducibility; Research; Research Project Grants; Respondent; Risk; Sampling; Social Functioning; Social Network; Subgroup; Surveys; Techniques; Time; Training; Vaccination; Work; base; data visualization; design; doctoral student; economic determinant; ethnic minority; ethnic minority population; health disparity; improved; innovation; insight; news; opportunity cost; overdose death; overdose risk; pandemic disease; power analysis; racial and ethnic; social determinants; statistics; substance use; syndemic; trend

The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn much attention from the public in 2020. Since restrictions related to COVID-19 took place, troubling news about an increase in overdose-related fatalities emerged. In fact, 2021 saw a record high number of overdose death. Because those who are already subject to the negative effects of social and economic determinants of health (e.g., older persons, racial/ethnic minorities) are also affected by both COVID-19 and fatal overdose disproportionately, this collision between the COVID-19 pandemic and the overdose epidemic is creating a syndemic. Because the pandemic has been associated with an increase in substance use for racial/ethnic minorities, existing health disparities are expected to exacerbate. A clear example is the City of Detroit, where 90% of the residents are racial/ethnic minorities. As of May 2022, Detroit’s COVID-19 mortality rate is 522 per 100k residents, and its fatal overdose rate is 77 per 100k, each two to three times higher than the national average, while the COVID-19 confirmation rate is lower. Another concerning observation is Detroit’s vaccination rate of 41.4%, which is lower by over 20 % point than the national average. This syndemic, combined with low vaccination rates, is likely to produce negative impacts beyond health, including the economy through the lost opportunity costs. Despite this concerning trend, little is known about the effect of the syndemic on communities of persons who inject drugs (PWID), including basic statistics about COVID-19 vaccination and harm reduction practices. The mechanisms behind these preventive practices are complicated, involving not only PWID’s own behaviors but also influences from their social networks. Moreover, the mechanism may differ by age and race/ethnicity. Therefore, it is critical to examine the syndemic with social networks, particularly for older and racial/ethnic minority PWID who are at a greater risk. This diversity supplement study builds on a parent R01 grant that currently is in the field collecting data from PWID using respondent driven sampling (RDS) in Southeast Michigan. Based on our prior work, a majority of PWID from this area are older and racial/ethnic minorities, implying robust statistical power for the analysis that provides insights into older PWID and racial/ethnic minority PWID. Thanks to the RDS method, innovative social network measures beyond ego-centric self-reports will be introduced in understanding PWID’s vaccination and harm reduction practices. The proposed research has strong potential to address the urgent need to assess the syndemic and its effect on older PWID. Specifically, the study aims to describe the extent of COVID-19 vaccination, overdose incidence and preventive practices among PWID and analyze them as a function of social networks with specific considerations given to age and race/ethnicity. This diversity supplement is uniquely positioned to provide a trainee-candidate, a doctoral student in survey and data science, rigorous training on innovative data collection methods for hard-to-reach population subgroups as well as cutting-edge analytic techniques for RDS data and data visualization with social networks.

2020年，新型冠状病毒疫情备受公众关注。由于限制涉及 2019冠状病毒病发生后，有关过量用药相关死亡人数增加的令人不安的消息出现。事实上，2021年 吸毒过量死亡人数创历史新高因为那些已经受到负面影响的人 健康的社会和经济决定因素（例如，老年人、种族/族裔少数群体）也受到 COVID-19和致命的药物过量都不成比例，COVID-19大流行和 吸毒过量的流行病正在形成一种传染病由于这一流行病与 由于种族/族裔少数群体使用药物的问题，现有的健康差距预计将加剧。一个明确 例如底特律市，90%的居民是少数民族。截至2022年5月，底特律的 COVID-19死亡率为每10万居民522人，其致命过量率为每10万人77人，每2至3人 比全国平均水平高出一倍，而COVID-19确诊率则较低。另一个关于 据观察，底特律的疫苗接种率为41.4%，比全国平均水平低20多个百分点。 这种流行病加上疫苗接种率低，可能产生健康以外的负面影响， 包括经济损失的机会成本。尽管这种趋势令人担忧，但人们对 该流行病对注射吸毒者社区的影响，包括关于以下方面的基本统计数据： COVID-19疫苗接种和减少危害的做法。这些预防措施背后的机制是 这不仅涉及PWID自身的行为，还涉及他们的社交网络的影响。 此外，该机制可能因年龄和种族/民族而异。因此，研究疾病的流行病学是至关重要的。 与社交网络，特别是老年人和种族/少数民族的PWID谁是在更大的风险。 这项多样性补充研究建立在目前正在实地收集数据的父R 01赠款的基础上 从PWID使用响应驱动抽样（RDS）在密歇根州东南部。根据我们之前的工作， 来自该地区的大多数PWID是老年人和种族/民族少数群体，这意味着强大的统计能力， 分析提供了对老年人PWID和种族/少数民族PWID的见解。由于RDS方法， 创新的社会网络措施超越自我为中心的自我报告将被引入理解 PWID的疫苗接种和减少伤害的做法。拟议的研究有很大的潜力，以解决 迫切需要评估该综合征及其对老年PWID的影响。具体而言，该研究旨在描述 PWID中COVID-19疫苗接种的程度，过量发生率和预防措施，并对其进行分析 作为社交网络的一个功能，具体考虑到年龄和种族/民族。这种多样性 补充是独特的定位，以提供一个受训者，候选人，博士生在调查和数据 科学，严格培训难以接触的人口亚群的创新数据收集方法， 作为RDS数据和社交网络数据可视化的尖端分析技术。