Improving Reproducibility of Respondent Driven Sampling through Adaptive Design - Diversity Supplement

通过自适应设计提高受访者驱动抽样的可重复性 - 多样性补充

• 批准号: 10631522
• 负责人: Sung-Hee Lee
• 金额: $ 1.26万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-15 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10631522
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Area; Attention; Behavior; COVID-19; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 vaccination; Cities; Communities; Data; Data Collection; Data Science; Drug usage; Ego; Elderly; Epidemic; Ethnic Origin; Grant; Harm Reduction; Health; Incidence; Injecting drug user; Measures; Methods; Michigan; Overdose; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Population; Positioning Attribute; Preventive; Public Health; Race; Reporting; Reproducibility; Research; Research Project Grants; Respondent; Risk; Sampling; Social Functioning; Social Network; Subgroup; Surveys; Techniques; Time; Training; Vaccination; Work; base; data visualization; design; doctoral student; economic determinant; ethnic minority; ethnic minority population; health disparity; improved; innovation; insight; news; opportunity cost; overdose death; overdose risk; pandemic disease; power analysis; racial and ethnic; social determinants; statistics; substance use; syndemic; trend

The COVID-19 pandemic has drawn much attention from the public in 2020. Since restrictions related to COVID-19 took place, troubling news about an increase in overdose-related fatalities emerged. In fact, 2021 saw a record high number of overdose death. Because those who are already subject to the negative effects of social and economic determinants of health (e.g., older persons, racial/ethnic minorities) are also affected by both COVID-19 and fatal overdose disproportionately, this collision between the COVID-19 pandemic and the overdose epidemic is creating a syndemic. Because the pandemic has been associated with an increase in substance use for racial/ethnic minorities, existing health disparities are expected to exacerbate. A clear example is the City of Detroit, where 90% of the residents are racial/ethnic minorities. As of May 2022, Detroit’s COVID-19 mortality rate is 522 per 100k residents, and its fatal overdose rate is 77 per 100k, each two to three times higher than the national average, while the COVID-19 confirmation rate is lower. Another concerning observation is Detroit’s vaccination rate of 41.4%, which is lower by over 20 % point than the national average. This syndemic, combined with low vaccination rates, is likely to produce negative impacts beyond health, including the economy through the lost opportunity costs. Despite this concerning trend, little is known about the effect of the syndemic on communities of persons who inject drugs (PWID), including basic statistics about COVID-19 vaccination and harm reduction practices. The mechanisms behind these preventive practices are complicated, involving not only PWID’s own behaviors but also influences from their social networks. Moreover, the mechanism may differ by age and race/ethnicity. Therefore, it is critical to examine the syndemic with social networks, particularly for older and racial/ethnic minority PWID who are at a greater risk. This diversity supplement study builds on a parent R01 grant that currently is in the field collecting data from PWID using respondent driven sampling (RDS) in Southeast Michigan. Based on our prior work, a majority of PWID from this area are older and racial/ethnic minorities, implying robust statistical power for the analysis that provides insights into older PWID and racial/ethnic minority PWID. Thanks to the RDS method, innovative social network measures beyond ego-centric self-reports will be introduced in understanding PWID’s vaccination and harm reduction practices. The proposed research has strong potential to address the urgent need to assess the syndemic and its effect on older PWID. Specifically, the study aims to describe the extent of COVID-19 vaccination, overdose incidence and preventive practices among PWID and analyze them as a function of social networks with specific considerations given to age and race/ethnicity. This diversity supplement is uniquely positioned to provide a trainee-candidate, a doctoral student in survey and data science, rigorous training on innovative data collection methods for hard-to-reach population subgroups as well as cutting-edge analytic techniques for RDS data and data visualization with social networks.

2020年，新冠肺炎疫情引起了公众的极大关注。由于与以下内容相关的限制 新冠肺炎上出现了与服药过量相关的死亡人数增加的令人担忧的消息。事实上，2021年 看到了创纪录的服药过量死亡人数。因为那些已经受到 健康的社会和经济决定因素(如老年人、种族/少数族裔)也受到 新冠肺炎和致命的过量用药不成比例，新冠肺炎大流行和 吸毒过量的流行正在创造一种共性。因为大流行一直与增加的 对于种族/族裔少数群体的药物使用，现有的健康差距预计将加剧。一目了然 底特律市就是一个例子，那里90%的居民是少数族裔。截至2022年5月，底特律 新冠肺炎的死亡率为每10万人522人，其致命超标率为每10万人77人，每10万人2至3人 是全国平均水平的3倍，而新冠肺炎确认率则更低。另一个问题是 据观察，底特律的疫苗接种率为41.4%，比全国平均水平低20个百分点以上。 这种共同性，再加上疫苗接种率低，可能会产生健康以外的负面影响， 包括通过失去的机会成本来影响经济。尽管有这种令人担忧的趋势，但人们对此知之甚少 对注射吸毒者社区的影响(PWID)，包括关于 新冠肺炎疫苗接种和减害做法。这些预防措施背后的机制是 复杂，不仅涉及PWID自己的行为，还涉及他们的社交网络的影响。 此外，这种机制可能因年龄和种族/民族而不同。因此，检验联结是至关重要的。 利用社交网络，特别是针对老年人和面临更大风险的种族/少数民族残疾人。 这项多样性补充研究建立在目前在实地收集数据的父母R01赠款的基础上 来自密歇根州东南部使用受访者驱动抽样(RDS)的PWID。基于我们之前的工作，一个 来自这一地区的大多数残疾人是年龄较大和种族/少数民族，这意味着强大的统计力量 提供对较老的PWID和种族/少数民族PWID的洞察的分析。多亏了RDS方法， 将在理解中引入超越自我中心自我报告的创新社交网络措施 PWID的疫苗接种和减少危害的做法。拟议的研究具有很大的潜力来解决 迫切需要评估综合征及其对老年PWID的影响。具体地说，这项研究旨在描述 PWID人群新冠肺炎接种程度、服药过量发生率及预防措施分析 作为社交网络的一种功能，特别考虑到年龄和种族/族裔。这种多样性 附录的独特之处在于提供调查和数据方面的实习生、博士生 科学，为难以接触到的人口亚群提供创新数据收集方法的严格培训 作为RDS数据的尖端分析技术和社交网络的数据可视化。