Understanding Ethnic Differences in Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort Study - Diversity Supplement

摘要-家长补助金 该更新申请寻求对多种族队列（MEC）研究基础设施的支持， 1993-1996年在夏威夷和南加州成立，研究癌症和其他慢性疾病的危险因素。 疾病这项研究旨在利用这两个地理区域的种族和文化多样性， 研究人员在营养、民族/种族差异研究和遗传学方面的专业知识。它 是现有的种族最多样化的癌症队列。它实现了高成本效益， 补充积极的后续信息与计算机连接到SEER癌症登记，生命统计， 出院诊断、医疗报销数据、电子病历和地理空间信息。在 基线，队列包括215，000名男性和女性的信息，几乎全部由五个 民族/种族人口：日裔美国人、拉丁美洲人、白人、非洲裔美国人和夏威夷土著人。的 资源后来扩大到包括一个前瞻性的生物储存库的血液标本从约70,000的 参与者和尿液样本的大子集。MEC的领导需要一个高度互动的团队- 科学方法，研究人员充分表明他们愿意分享数据/样本， 积极参与财团。研究成果包括对理解的重大贡献 遗传和环境因素都是癌症的危险因素。超过291篇论文描述了我们的发现， 在当前的资助周期内出版。此外，在过去的28年里，129个国家卫生研究院赠款/补充， 围绕MEC建立（77个在当前周期活跃），超过136名学生和博士后 研究员接受了研究方面的培训。此应用程序描述了我们在未来5年的目标， 加强教育部的基础设施，以及方法研究计划。我们计划增加 在新的5年内，7，253例癌症病例将增加到目前的48，064例;其中2，670例将在 诊断血液样本，将增加到目前的10 957例。我们将向样本库中添加6 K FFPE肿瘤样本。 电流~ 13 K。此外，这一赠款的更新将使一个良好的综合方案的继续成为可能， 旨在评估生活方式、环境和遗传风险因素以及健康的社会决定因素的研究 对于癌症和其他常见慢性病，利用新的方法，如饮食质量， 指数、生物组学、基因组学、表观基因组学、微生物组学、代谢组学和多水平暴露，包括 空间环境、结构性种族主义和气候变化。MEC将允许测试创新研究 旨在确保调查种族/族裔健康差异的假设， 预防适用于所有主要的美国种族/少数民族。

Abstract – Parent Grant This renewal application seeks support for the infrastructure of the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study, which was established in Hawaii and southern California in 1993-1996 to study risk factors for cancer and other chronic diseases. The study was designed to take advantage of the ethnic and cultural diversity of the two geographic areas, as well as the expertise of the investigators in nutrition, ethnic/racial disparities studies, and genetics. It is the most ethnically diverse cancer cohort in existence. It achieves high cost-efficiency by significantly supplementing active follow-up information with computerized linkages to SEER cancer registries, vital statistics, hospital-discharge diagnoses, medical claim data, electronic medical records and geospatial information. At baseline, the cohort included information on 215,000 men and women, comprised almost entirely of five ethnic/racial populations: Japanese Americans, Latinos, Whites, African Americans and Native Hawaiians. The resource was later expanded to include a prospective biorepository of blood specimens from ~70,000 of the participants and urine specimens on a large subset. Leadership of the MEC entails a highly interactive, team- science approach, and the investigators have amply demonstrated their willingness to share data/samples, and to participate actively in consortia. Research accomplishments include significant contributions to understanding both genetic and environmental risk factors for cancer. Over 291 papers describing our findings have been published during the current grant cycle. In addition, over the last 28 years, 129 NIH grants/supplements have been built around the MEC (77 were active in the current cycle), and more than 136 students and postdoctoral fellows have been trained on the study. This application describes our aims over the next 5 years for maintaining and enhancing the infrastructure of the MEC, as well as plans for methodological research. We project adding 7,253 incident cancer cases in the new 5 years, to the current 48,064 cases; 2,670 of these cases will have pre- diagnostic blood samples, to be added to the current 10,957 cases. We will add 6K FFPE tumor samples to the current ~13K. In addition, this grant renewal will make possible the continuation of a well-integrated program of research aimed at evaluating lifestyle, environmental, and genetic risk factors and social determinants of health for cancer and other common chronic diseases, taking advantage of new approaches, such as dietary quality indices, exposomics, genomics, epigenomics, microbiomics, metabolomics and multilevel exposures, including spatial environment, structural racism, and climate change. The MEC will allow the testing of innovative research hypotheses aimed at ensuring that racial/ethnic health disparities are investigated and that progress in disease prevention applies to all major US racial/ethnic minorities.