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Deciphering fundamental biological processes involving protein-nucleic acid interactions at the molecular level

破译涉及分子水平上蛋白质-核酸相互作用的基本生物过程

基本信息

批准号：
10622948
负责人：
Maria Schumacher
金额：
$ 26.84万
依托单位：
DUKE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-01-01 至 2027-12-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10622948
关键词：
Address Anti-Bacterial Agents Antimicrobial Resistance Bacteria Biochemistry Biological Biological Process Cessation of life Complex Cryoelectron Microscopy Cues DNA DNA Repair Pathway Development Enzymes Genetic Transcription Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase Goals Gram-Positive Bacteria Health Human Investigation Life Cycle Stages Link Metabolic Pathway Microbe Mitochondria Molecular Multi-Drug Resistance Nitrogen Nucleic Acids Nutrient availability Pathogenesis Pharmaceutical Preparations Process Proteins Protozoa RNA Editing Second Messenger Systems Signal Pathway Signal Transduction Source Streptomyces Structure Therapeutic antimicrobial drug bacterial resistance combat drug resistant microorganism environmental change in vivo interest microbial microbial disease novel phosphoric diester hydrolase rational design therapeutic target

项目摘要

ABSTRACT The central goal of the Schumacher lab is to deduce molecular principles governing fundamental biological processes involving protein-nucleic acid interactions. These investigations focus on processes in microbes and intersect with the lab’s interests in microbial pathogenesis. Indeed, while the main goal is to elucidate biological mechanisms at the atomic level, these studies also provide potential targets for the development of urgently needed antimicrobial agents. Alarmingly, recent estimates suggest that deaths from antimicrobial resistance bacteria may exceed 10 million deaths worldwide by 2050 if steps are not taken to generate new treatments. The specific processes we investigate include transcription, DNA organization and RNA editing. Bacteria must be able to sense and respond to environmental changes for their survival and in some cases, proper development, so our studies on transcription focus on important networks and address how environmental cues are signaled and detected by transcription switches. Streptomyces bacteria represent the main source of antibacterial and other key drugs, which they generate concomitant with development. Thus, understanding their developmental lifecycle has been of significant interest for decades, although it is a mystery what drives this process. Our studies in the last few years have revealed that this developmental switch is controlled by the second messenger, c-di-GMP, functioning through two global transcription regulators, BldD and WhiG. These regulators control the first and second steps in Streptomyces development, respectively, but how c-di-GMP levels are sensed and signaled to these regulators are unknown and is a question we will address in this proposal. Initial studies unveiled a possible link between WhiG and a c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase, possibly indicating colocalization as a mechanism to control the second developmental step, which we will investigate. Studies will also be performed to analyze c-di-GMP levels and identify and characterize additional c-di-GMP modulated developmental regulators. Using a combination of cryo-EM, biochemistry and in vivo studies, we will also dissect the molecular mechanism by which nitrogen levels are sensed in Gram-positive bacteria by the novel Glutamine Synthetase-GlnR signaling pathway whereby the central enzyme for a metabolic pathway (GS) directly transduces nutrient availability to its master transcription regulator (GlnR). Finally, we will elucidate the signal and mechanism behind the first SOS-independent DNA repair pathway in bacteria. Another focus of the lab is the unusual RNA editing process in the mitochondria of kinetoplastid parasitic protozoans called kinetoplastid RNA (kRNA) editing. A recently identified accessory complex, the MRB1 complex, is required for this process. However, the structure and mechanisms of action of this complex are completely unknown. We will obtain structures of this complex and dissect its various molecular functions in editing. These combined studies will elucidate fundamental biological processes at the molecular level, leading to the discovery of potential chemotherapeutic targets against microbial diseases.

摘要