Understanding recovery from alcohol use disorder: Longitudinal observation of two voluntary temporary abstinence periods

了解酒精使用障碍的恢复：两个自愿临时戒酒期的纵向观察

• 批准号: 10740677
• 负责人: Dylan K Richards
• 金额: $ 18.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-15 至 2028-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10740677
• 关键词: Abstinence; Adult; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Behavior; Behavioral Mechanisms; Costs and Benefits; DSM-V; Decision Making; Development; Disease remission; Disparate; Dryness; Ethnic Origin; Facebook; Goals; Grant; Heavy Drinking; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Literature; Longitudinal, observational study; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Motivation; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Participant; Patient Care; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Principal Investigator; Process; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Publishing; Quality of life; Recovery; Research; Research Activity; Research Design; Research Personnel; Sampling; Self Determination; Self Direction; Self Efficacy; Sex Differences; Surveys; Symptoms; Testing; TikTok; Training; Training Activity; alcohol abstinence; alcohol free; alcohol use disorder; behavior change; behavioral economics; biopsychosocial; career development; clinical practice; cohort; craving; design; drinking; ethnic difference; ethnic diversity; follow up assessment; hazardous drinking; improved; innovation; novel; precision medicine; preference; prospective; psychologic; racial difference; racial diversity; recruit; reinforcer; sex; skills; sobriety; sustained recovery; theories; training opportunity

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Alcohol use disorder (AUD) in the U.S. is a significant public health concern. NIAAA recently proposed an operational definition of recovery from AUD to advance research in this area, including: 1) remission from DSM-5 AUD, 2) cessation from heavy drinking, and 3) improvements in biopsychosocial functioning and quality of life. Knowledge gained from studying recovery as operationally defined by NIAAA using novel methodological and theoretical approaches has great potential to inform clinical practice and improve patient care for those suffering from AUD. Most people who recover from AUD never receive treatment, and yet very little is known about the process of “natural” recovery in the absence of intervention. Voluntary temporary abstinence campaigns, such as “Dry January” and “Sober October,” are month-long periods of abstinence from alcohol that are increasing in popularity. As self-initiated change attempts for a defined period, these campaigns provide a unique means for studying natural AUD recovery. Longitudinal observational studies of voluntary temporary abstinence campaigns can be used to test theoretically informed predictors of recovery during and after participation in the campaign. The proposed study will test two disparate theories, self- determination theory and behavioral economic theory, both of which are novel theories of mechanisms underlying AUD recovery. Self-determination theory explains behavior change based on internalization of motivation, whereas behavioral economic theory explains behavior change based on benefits and costs of competing behaviors. Testing both theories will provide critically important information about how individuals may initiate (or not) and maintain (or not) self-directed changes in behavior during and following intended participation in a voluntary temporary abstinence campaign. Our objective in this proposal is to leverage two voluntary temporary abstinence campaigns to comprehensively investigate the tenets of self-determination theory and behavioral economic theory to better understand AUD recovery. We will recruit sex-balanced and racially/ethnically diverse online samples who meet criteria for past-year AUD, engaged in past-month hazardous drinking, and intend to participate in either Dry January (n = 125) or Sober October (n =125). Participants will complete a baseline assessment prior to participation in voluntary temporary abstinence and follow-up assessments 3, 6, and 12 months after. This innovative design will allow us to examine natural AUD recovery, as defined by NIAAA, in the context of voluntary temporary abstinence campaigns (Aim 1), and to test the processes of recovery described by self-determination theory (Aim 2) and behavioral economic theory (Aim 3). Exploratory analyses will ascertain differences in theoretical predictions and test sex and racial/ethnic differences for Aims 2 and 3. Each aspect of the research design and associated training goals were chosen deliberately to enhance the candidate’s training and facilitate the transition to independent alcohol researcher.

项目总结/摘要 酒精使用障碍（AUD）在美国是一个重要的公共卫生问题。NIAAA最近提出了一个 从AUD中恢复的操作定义，以推进该领域的研究，包括：1）从 DSM-5 AUD，2）停止酗酒，3）改善生物心理社会功能和质量 生命从研究恢复中获得的知识，如NIAAA使用新的 方法学和理论方法有很大的潜力，以告知临床实践和改善患者 照顾那些患有AUD的人。大多数从AUD中康复的人从未接受过治疗，但 在没有干预的情况下，人们对“自然”恢复过程知之甚少。自愿临时 禁欲运动，如“干燥一月”和“清醒十月”，是长达一个月的禁欲期， 越来越受欢迎的酒。作为在规定时期内的自我发起的变革尝试， 活动为研究澳元自然恢复提供了独特的手段。纵向观察性研究 自愿暂时禁欲运动可以用来测试理论上知情的康复预测 在参加竞选期间和之后。这项拟议中的研究将测试两种不同的理论，自我- 决定理论和行为经济理论，这两个理论都是新的机制理论 澳元基本复苏。自我决定理论解释了行为变化的基础上内化 动机，而行为经济学理论解释行为改变的基础上的利益和成本， 竞争行为。测试这两种理论将提供至关重要的信息， 可以在预期期间和之后发起（或不发起）和保持（或不保持）自我导向的行为变化 参加自愿暂时禁欲运动。我们的目标是利用两个 开展自愿暂时禁欲运动，全面调查自决原则 理论和行为经济学理论，以更好地理解澳元复苏。我们将招聘性别平衡， 符合去年AUD标准的种族/民族多样化在线样本，上个月参与 危险饮酒，并打算参加干燥一月（n = 125）或清醒十月（n =125）。 参与者将在参与自愿暂时禁欲之前完成基线评估， 3个月、6个月和12个月后进行随访评估。这种创新的设计将使我们能够研究自然澳元 根据NIAAA的定义，在自愿临时禁欲运动（目标1）的背景下进行康复，并 测试自我决定理论（目标2）和行为经济理论所描述的恢复过程 (Aim（3）第三章。探索性分析将确定理论预测的差异，并测试性别和种族/民族 目标2和目标3的差异。研究设计的每个方面和相关的培训目标都被选定 有意加强候选人的培训，并促进过渡到独立的酒精研究人员。