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Spatiotemporal Organization of the Inferior Frontal Gyrus During Speech Production - Resubmission - 1

言语产生过程中额下回的时空组织 - 重新提交 - 1

基本信息

批准号：
10591409
负责人：
Adeen Flinker
金额：
$ 56.45万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-05-15 至 2025-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10591409
关键词：
Address Anatomy Anterior Aphasia Articulation Articulators Behavior Bilateral Biological Assay Broca&apos s area Clinical Data Electric Stimulation Electrocorticogram Electrodes Etiology Goals Human Impairment Inferior frontal gyrus Knowledge Language Left Lesion Maps Measurement Measures Medical center Middle Inferior Frontal Convolution Mutism Names New York Operative Surgical Procedures Outcome Study Output Patients Physical shape Probability Production Research Personnel Resolution Resources Retrieval Role Sampling Semantics Site Spatial Distribution Specificity Speech Speech Disorders Surface Techniques Testing Time Traction Universities cognitive task cohort density design frontal lobe improved neural neuroimaging neurophysiology neurosurgery neurotransmission novel therapeutic intervention prevent response segregation semantic processing simulation spatiotemporal trait

项目摘要

Project Summary Speech is a uniquely human trait that is central to our everyday lives, but the mechanisms that enable retrieval and formation of articulatory sequences remain elusive. Several lines of evidence suggest that the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), or Broca’s region, is active prior to articulation per se and critically supports articulatory planning. However, it remains unclear how different anatomical parcellations of IFG support retrieval of semantic information and articulatory planning. To investigate this issue, we will leverage resources at NYU, assembling clinicians and researchers with complementary expertise to reexamine the role of the IFG in speech. We propose working in a cohort of neurosurgical patients who provide a rare and unique opportunity to collect direct cortical recordings and perturbations during speech production. Specifically, we will address the following questions: (1) what is the time constant of neural responses across IFG in relation to speech production, (2) what is the functional specificity of IFG regions, pars opercularis and pars triangularis, and (3) what are the functional boundaries Broca’s territory across the left and right frontal cortices. To gain traction on these issues, we have developed a battery of speech production tasks that is designed to mirror clinical electrical stimulation mapping and provides a within subject functional and causal comparison. We will use standard and high density electrocorticography (ECoG) to measure responses with high temporal precision within IFG. To determine causality, we will manipulate cortical activity using direct cortical stimulation and examine changes in behavior, timing of speech deficits and comparing with ECoG functional responses. The outcome of this study will greatly advance our understanding of the neurophysiologic mechanisms underlying speech production with a long-term goal of addressing a range of speech disorders and improving current language mapping techniques.

项目摘要言语是人类独有的特征，对我们的日常生活至关重要，但能够检索的机制和发音序列的形成仍然难以捉摸。有几条证据表明左下丘脑额回（IFG），或布罗卡区，在发音本身之前是活跃的，并关键地支持发音。规划然而，目前尚不清楚IFG的不同解剖学分组如何支持IFG的检索。语义信息和发音规划。为了调查这个问题，我们将利用纽约大学的资源，召集临床医生和研究人员，补充专业知识，重新审视IFG在演讲中的作用。我们建议在一群人中工作神经外科患者提供了一个罕见的和独特的机会，收集直接皮层记录，在言语产生过程中的干扰。具体而言，我们将解决以下问题：（1）什么是（2）IFG神经反应与言语产生的关系，（3）IFG神经反应的函数是什么？ IFG区域的特异性，盖部和三角部，以及（3）功能边界是什么布洛卡区横跨左右额叶皮层。为了在这些问题上获得牵引力，我们开发了一系列语音生成任务，旨在镜像临床电刺激标测，并提供受试者内功能和因果关系比较。我们将使用标准和高密度皮质电图（ECoG）来测量高时间响应，精度在IFG内。为了确定因果关系，我们将使用直接皮层刺激来操纵皮层活动并观察行为改变、言语障碍发生的时间以及与ECoG功能反应的比较。这项研究的结果将大大促进我们对神经生理机制的理解潜在的言语产生，长期目标是解决一系列言语障碍，当前的语言映射技术。