The development of visual behavior in infancy

项目摘要 我们在婴儿认知领域的知识有一个显著的差距，即对婴儿的认知能力知之甚少 视觉加工在复杂视觉阵列中的健康发展。的长期目标是 这个项目是为了提供对婴儿外观和视觉发展的本质的理解 处理，以及揭示婴儿看起来和学习之间的关系。这是因为婴儿依赖于 甚至比成年人更依赖视觉处理来获取关于世界的信息，理解 影响婴儿长相和长相的因素，以及这些因素如何决定什么婴儿 学习，对于全面理解健康发展至关重要。为了实现这一目标，我们将 实现2个具体目标。首先，研究小组将开展旨在了解婴儿学习 看。通过考察意义、显着性和熟悉度等因素是如何决定地点和持续时间的 婴儿看起来，我们获得了对影响视觉处理的因素的理解，以及 视觉系统的发展有助于婴儿平衡对看的竞争影响。第二，研究 该团队将开展旨在了解婴儿希望学习的工作。婴儿的看起来行为是积极的和 允许他们采样有关视觉世界的信息。通过调查婴儿外貌的差异 行为转化为婴儿对视觉阵列的学习和记忆的差异，我们可以构建一个 了解视觉系统的变化如何影响婴儿对视觉世界的了解。通过 实现这些目标的研究团队不仅将深入了解视觉的典型发展 也将提供对发育中脆弱点的洞察以及如何 多种因素影响着这一发展。此外，因为研究团队将使用复杂的视觉 数组，如自然场景，这项工作将提供有关如何观看和学习如何观看的信息 在模仿婴儿日常经历的环境中发展，并与工作联系起来 在成人中进行。

Project Summary There is a significant gap in our knowledge in the field of infant cognition, namely little is known about the development of visual processing in complex visual arrays in healthy development. The long-term objective of this project is to provide understanding into the nature of the development of infants’ looking and visual processing, as well as to uncover relations between infants’ looking and learning. That is, because infants rely even more heavily than do adults on visual processing to gain information about the world, understanding the factors that influence where and how long infants look, as well as how those factors determine what infants learn, is critical for a complete understanding of healthy development. To accomplish this objective we will undertake 2 specific aims. First the research team will conduct work aimed at understanding infants’ learning to look. By examining how factors such as meaning, salience, and familiarity determines where and how long infants look, we gain understanding into the factors that influence visual processing, as well as how the development of the visual system helps infants balance competing influences on looking. Second, the research team will conduct work aimed at understanding infants’ looking to learn. Infants’ looking behavior is active and allows them to sample information about the visual world. By investigating how differences in infants’ looking behavior translates to differences in what infants learn and remember about visual arrays, we can construct an understanding of how changes in in the visual system influence what infants learn about the visual world. By accomplishing these aims the research team will not only gain insight into the typical development of the visual system in healthy infants, but also will provide insight into points of vulnerability in that development and how multiple factors influence that development. In addition, because the research team will use complex visual arrays, such as natural scenes, this work will provide information about how looking and learning from looking develops in contexts that mimic the infants’ everyday experience as well as make connections with work conducted with adults.