The development of visual behavior in infancy

婴儿期视觉行为的发展

• 批准号: 10093921
• 负责人: LISA M OAKES
• 金额: $ 7.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10093921
• 关键词: Adult; Attention; Back; Behavior; Characteristics; Child; Clutterings; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Development; Disease; Environment; Equilibrium; Event; Face; Familiarity; Feedback; Feeds; Fragile X Syndrome; Goals; Image; Individual; Infant; Infant Development; Knowledge; Knowledge acquisition; Learning; Memory; Mission; Nature; Pattern; Process; Public Health; Published Comment; Race; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Sensory; Shapes; Short-Term Memory; Stimulus; Syndrome; System; Systems Development; Time; Translating; Visual; Visual attention; Visual system structure; Williams Syndrome; Work; age related; autism spectrum disorder; base; behavior change; developmental disease; experience; experimental study; infancy; insight; pet animal; sample fixation; vision development; visual control; visual processing

Project Summary There is a significant gap in our knowledge in the field of infant cognition, namely little is known about the development of visual processing in complex visual arrays in healthy development. The long-term objective of this project is to provide understanding into the nature of the development of infants’ looking and visual processing, as well as to uncover relations between infants’ looking and learning. That is, because infants rely even more heavily than do adults on visual processing to gain information about the world, understanding the factors that influence where and how long infants look, as well as how those factors determine what infants learn, is critical for a complete understanding of healthy development. To accomplish this objective we will undertake 2 specific aims. First the research team will conduct work aimed at understanding infants’ learning to look. By examining how factors such as meaning, salience, and familiarity determines where and how long infants look, we gain understanding into the factors that influence visual processing, as well as how the development of the visual system helps infants balance competing influences on looking. Second, the research team will conduct work aimed at understanding infants’ looking to learn. Infants’ looking behavior is active and allows them to sample information about the visual world. By investigating how differences in infants’ looking behavior translates to differences in what infants learn and remember about visual arrays, we can construct an understanding of how changes in in the visual system influence what infants learn about the visual world. By accomplishing these aims the research team will not only gain insight into the typical development of the visual system in healthy infants, but also will provide insight into points of vulnerability in that development and how multiple factors influence that development. In addition, because the research team will use complex visual arrays, such as natural scenes, this work will provide information about how looking and learning from looking develops in contexts that mimic the infants’ everyday experience as well as make connections with work conducted with adults.

项目摘要 在婴儿认知领域，我们的知识存在重大差距，也就是说，我们对婴儿的认知知之甚少。 发展视觉加工中复杂视觉阵列的健康发展。的长期目标 这个项目是为了提供对婴儿的外观和视觉发展的本质的理解。 加工，以及揭示婴儿的看和学习之间的关系。这是因为婴儿依赖于 甚至比成年人更重视视觉处理，以获得关于世界的信息，理解世界， 影响婴儿看什么地方和看多长时间的因素，以及这些因素如何决定婴儿看什么 学习，对于全面了解健康发展至关重要。为了实现这一目标，我们将 实现两个具体目标。首先，研究小组将开展旨在了解婴儿学习 听着通过研究诸如意义、显著性和熟悉度等因素如何决定在何处和多长时间 婴儿看，我们获得了解到影响视觉处理的因素，以及如何 视觉系统的发展有助于婴儿平衡对视觉的竞争性影响。第二，研究 小组将开展旨在了解婴儿寻求学习的工作。婴儿的注视行为是主动的， 让他们能够获取视觉世界的信息通过调查婴儿的长相 行为转化为婴儿学习和记忆视觉阵列的差异，我们可以构建一个 了解视觉系统的变化如何影响婴儿对视觉世界的了解。通过 实现这些目标，研究团队不仅可以深入了解视觉的典型发展， 系统，但也将提供深入了解脆弱点，在发展和如何 多种因素影响着这一发展。此外，由于研究团队将使用复杂的视觉 阵列，如自然场景，这项工作将提供有关如何寻找和学习的信息， 在模仿婴儿日常经验的环境中发展，并与工作联系起来 与成年人进行。