RURAL YOUTH AND FAMILY COMPETENCIES BUILDING PROJECTS

农村青年和家庭能力建设项目

• 批准号: 7785054
• 负责人: Richard Spoth
• 金额: $ 69.17万
• 依托单位: IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-30 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7785054
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Award; Behavior; Child; Communities; Controlled Study; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Quality; Economics; Family; Funding; General Population; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Long-Term Effects; Manuscripts; Measurement; Mediating; Mental Health; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Outcome; Outcomes Research; Parents; Participant; Pattern; Phase; Population; Prevention; Preventive Intervention; Printing; Problem behavior; Procedures; Public Health; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Rural; Sample Size; Sampling; Schools; Sex Behavior; Theoretical model; Youth; anti social; base; college; cost; efficacy trial; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; falls; health economics; high risk; high school; informant; intervention effect; knowledge base; middle school; misuse of prescription only drugs; physical conditioning; programs; public health relevance; rural area; skills training; therapy design; universal prevention

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this proposed five-year MERIT project extension is to continue a longitudinal, controlled study of a universal, multicomponent intervention initially implemented with rural youth and families. The proposed plan is to follow our sample during late emerging adulthood, a phase critically important to the establishment of enduring patterns of substance use and substance-related problems affecting healthy adult functioning. The MERIT project research to date has addressed several key methodological problems typical in community-based preventive intervention research-in part, through the use of multimethod, multi-informant measurement procedures. Intervention and measurement demands of the study notwithstanding, the targeted schools (N = 36) were successfully recruited from a randomly selected set of schools and randomly assigned to a multicomponent family- and school-based intervention, a school-based intervention alone, and control conditions; all schools were retained through the 12th grade data collection point. Observation-based assessment confirmed high fidelity implementation of both family and school intervention components. Eighty- six percent of the pretest sample remained through the last wave of data analyzed post high school; there has been no loss of sample size in the post high school sample. The study also has addressed major gaps in the knowledge base on long-term effects of multicomponent family and school-based interventions in understudied populations; substantial progress has been achieved on all of the specific research aims in the original proposal. Notably, positive long-term substance initiation outcomes have been demonstrated through early emerging adulthood, with stronger effects among higher-risk participants and empirical verification of mediated effects through a protective shield of reduced substance use opportunities, along with evidence of economic benefits. A key indicator of initial progress overall is the completion of 46 manuscripts, among a total of over 150 manuscripts produced since 1993 through the larger program of research of which it is a part. The proposed study will evaluate long-term effects of a universal, multicomponent middle school intervention on participants in the late emerging adulthood phase; specifically, effects on substance use and related adult functioning (criminal and antisocial behavior, mental health, physical health, relationship quality and sexual behavior-Aim 1). In addition, it will examine mediating mechanisms of long-term multicomponent intervention effects on emerging adult substance use and related adult functioning, replicating and extending models empirically supported by earlier research (Aim 2). Finally, the project also will examine moderation of long-term intervention effects associated with early adolescent risk and the alteration of problem behavior trajectories associated with attending college and other life course changes (Aim 3). PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed study examines how preventive interventions designed for general populations can have substantial public health impact. It extends earlier outcome research that already has demonstrated practically significant relative reduction rates for a number of substances, including prescription drug misuse (relative reduction up to 50%), stronger effects among higher-risk participants, and evidence of economic benefits (e.g., over $9 estimated return for every dollar invested). Further potential public health and economic benefits will be evaluated by studying long-term effects of interventions-originally implemented in understudied rural middle schools-among participants when they are in their late 20s.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的为期五年的 MERIT 项目扩展的目的是继续对最初针对农村青年和家庭实施的普遍、多成分干预措施进行纵向、对照研究。拟议的计划是在成年晚期跟踪我们的样本，这一阶段对于建立持久的物质使用模式和影响成人健康功能的物质相关问题至关重要。 迄今为止，MERIT 项目研究已经部分通过使用多方法、多信息测量程序解决了基于社区的预防干预研究中典型的几个关键方法问题。尽管研究有干预和测量要求，但目标学校（N = 36）是从随机选择的一组学校中成功招募的，并随机分配到基于家庭和学校的多部分干预、仅基于学校的干预和控制条件；所有学校均通过 12 年级数据收集点进行保留。基于观察的评估证实了家庭和学校干预部分的高保真度实施。百分之八十六的预测样本在高中毕业后的最后一波数据分析中仍然存在；高中后样本的样本量没有损失。该研究还解决了关于多元家庭和学校干预措施对未充分研究人群的长期影响的知识库中的重大差距；原提案中的所有具体研究目标均取得了实质性进展。值得注意的是，积极的长期物质开始结果已在成年早期得到证明，对高风险参与者具有更强的影响，并且通过减少物质使用机会的保护盾以及经济利益的证据对介导效应进行了实证验证。总体初步进展的一个关键指标是完成了 46 份手稿，其中包括自 1993 年以来通过其所属的更大研究计划编写的总共 150 多份手稿。 拟议的研究将评估普遍的、多元的中学干预对成年晚期阶段参与者的长期影响；具体来说，对物质使用和相关成人功能的影响（犯罪和反社会行为、心理健康、身体健康、关系质量和性行为 - 目标 1）。此外，还将研究长期多成分干预对新出现的成人物质使用和相关成人功能的调节机制，复制和扩展早期研究实证支持的模型（目标 2）。最后，该项目还将研究与青少年早期风险相关的长期干预效果的调节以及与上大学和其他生命历程变化相关的问题行为轨迹的改变（目标 3）。 公共卫生相关性： 拟议的研究探讨了为普通人群设计的预防性干预措施如何对公共卫生产生重大影响。它扩展了早期的结果研究，这些研究已经证明了许多物质的实际显着相对减少率，包括处方药滥用（相对减少高达 50%）、高风险参与者的更强效果以及经济效益的证据（例如，每投资 1 美元，预计回报超过 9 美元）。进一步潜在的公共卫生和经济效益将通过研究干预措施的长期影响来评估——这些干预措施最初是在研究不足的农村中学实施的——对20多岁的参与者来说。