Detection of Fine Aerosols Using a Novel Aerosol Sampler

使用新型气溶胶采样器检测细小气溶胶

• 批准号: 7672220
• 负责人: Peter C. Ariessohn
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: ENERTECHNIX, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-01 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7672220
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Address; Aerosols; Air; Asthma; Awareness; Biological; Biological Assay; Breathing; Caliber; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chemicals; Classification; Collection; Complex; Coupled; Coupling; Custom; Data; Detection; Development; Devices; Diesel Exhaust; Disease; Electrostatics; Elements; Endotoxins; Equipment; Exposure to; Fluorescence; Goals; Grant; Hour; In Situ; Individual; Laboratories; Lead; Liquid substance; Lung; Lung diseases; Measurable; Measurement; Methods; Microbiology; Microfluidic Microchips; Monitor; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Particle Size; Particulate; Particulate Matter; Performance; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Research; Resolution; Sampling; Security; Sorting - Cell Movement; Stream; Surface; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Toxicology; Ultrafine; Uncertainty; Universities; Washington; Work; base; cost; design; detector; environmental agent; instrument; lens; light scattering; light weight; millimeter; monitoring device; nanometer; nanoparticle; novel; particle; prototype; public health relevance; research study; response; submicron; ultrafine particle

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of the proposed research is to develop a personal exposure monitor for indoor and outdoor particulate matter in the ultrafine to 10 micron size range. The proposed device will collect large volumes of ambient air in the vicinity of the wearer's breathing zone and provide concentrated, size-classified samples for real-time analysis or for later analysis in a laboratory. This device will combine: (i) a novel aerosol concentrator to increase the particle concentration by up to three orders of magnitude, (ii) an aerodynamic size classifier to sort particles with sizes from 1 to 10 microns, and (iii) an electrostatic precipitator to capture and size classify particles smaller than 1 micron. The proposed monitor will provide the ability to couple the particle size classifier to a number of analytical assays (chemical or biological) that can be carried out in parallel. Combined with automated data recording and/or transmitting equipment and a GPS or other position-monitoring device, this monitor will be able to provide time- and space-resolved measurements of exposure to a wide range particulate matter. In the Phase I project-using advanced 3-dimensional, unsteady CFD methods-we will design a prototype of the aerodynamic particle size classifier, perform proof-of-concept experiments showing the feasibility of aerodynamic particle classification, and demonstrate nano-particle capture using an electrostatic precipitator. In Phase II we will combine the aerosol sampler/size classifier with a detection platform (possibly a microfluidic device) that can be used to carry out a variety of analyses on each size class in parallel. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: There is a growing awareness that exposure to complex environmental agents such as fine particulate matter can trigger or exacerbate diseases such as asthma and cardiovascular disease, however, there is still much uncertainty about the importance of specific chemical or physical factors and the causal relationship between disease and exposure. Standard aerosols collection and analysis methods cannot provide real time spatial and temporal resolution and often are often very labor intensive and non-specific. The proposed approach will overcome many of these difficulties by providing a very compact, light-weight, low-cost monitoring package that can be worn by an individual and, coupled to automated data recording and/or transmitting equipment and a GPS or other position-monitoring device, this personal exposure monitor will be able to provide time- and space-resolved measurements of a wide range of ambient aerosols.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的目标是开发一种针对室内和室外超细至 10 微米尺寸范围颗粒物的个人暴露监测器。所提出的设备将收集佩戴者呼吸区附近的大量环境空气，并提供浓缩的、按尺寸分类的样本，用于实时分析或稍后在实验室进行分析。该设备将结合：(i) 新型气溶胶浓缩器，将颗粒浓度提高多达三个数量级；(ii) 空气动力学尺寸分类器，用于对尺寸为 1 至 10 微米的颗粒进行分类；(iii) 静电除尘器，用于捕获小于 1 微米的颗粒并对其进行尺寸分类。所提出的监测器将提供将粒度分类器与可并行进行的许多分析测定（化学或生物）耦合的能力。与自动数据记录和/或传输设备以及 GPS 或其他位置监测设备相结合，该监测器将能够提供对各种颗粒物暴露情况的时间和空间分辨测量。在第一阶段项目中，我们将使用先进的 3 维非定常 CFD 方法，设计气动粒度分类器的原型，进行概念验证实验，展示气动颗粒分类的可行性，并演示使用静电除尘器捕获纳米颗粒。在第二阶段，我们将把气溶胶采样器/尺寸分类器与检测平台（可能是微流体装置）结合起来，该平台可用于并行地对每个尺寸类别进行各种分析。公共卫生相关性：人们越来越意识到，接触细颗粒物等复杂环境因素可能引发或加剧哮喘和心血管疾病等疾病，但是，特定化学或物理因素的重要性以及疾病与接触之间的因果关系仍然存在很大不确定性。标准的气溶胶收集和分析方法无法提供实时的空间和时间分辨率，并且通常非常劳动密集型且非特异性。所提出的方法将通过提供一种非常紧凑、重量轻、低成本的监测包来克服其中的许多困难，该监测包可以由个人佩戴，并且与自动数据记录和/或传输设备以及GPS或其他位置监测设备相结合，这种个人暴露监测器将能够提供各种环境气溶胶的时间和空间分辨测量。