Subsequent Fatherhood: Timing and Circumstances

拟议项目的具体目标是通过研究影响男性生育（第二胎和更高胎次）的时间和情况，提高我们对男性生育力的认识。我们将研究六个结果：出生的儿童总数，以及密集出生、意外出生、婚外出生、在高度冲突的关系中出生和多个伴侣生育。拟议的项目将纳入生态和生命过程的角度来看，假定随后的男性 生育行为将受到多个领域因素的影响，包括个人、家庭、伴侣、子女、社区和社会政策的特征， 拟议项目的四个阶段将产生关于以下方面的重要信息：（第一阶段）;影响父亲后来生育的因素，特别侧重于社会经济地位、人口和政策特点（第二阶段），以及男子与其伴侣和子女关系的作用（第三阶段）;以及同时发生多个积极或消极的父亲身份 第四阶段（Stage 4）。我们建议使用五个数据文件的不同组成部分的拟议分析，包括全国调查的青少年男性（1995年），全国调查的家庭成长（2002年），全国纵向调查的青年-1979年sodium，父亲调查的脆弱家庭和儿童福祉的研究，和早期儿童纵向 研究-出生队列。分析将包括离散时间事件历史分析，以模拟过渡到随后的出生，并比较过渡到不同情况下的出生，以及对数和多项式对数分析，以评估多个领域对随后父亲身份的不同情况的影响。将在关键亚群中单独进行分析，包括按父亲人种/种族、年龄、产次、社会经济地位和历史时期进行的性别和多变量比较。研究界和政策界都将受益于旨在从男性角度扩大对家庭建设的理解的实证研究。

The specific aim of the proposed project is to enhance our understanding of male fertility, by studying the timing of nd circumstances affecting subsequent (second and higher parity) births among men who are fathers. We will examine six outcomes: the completed number of children born, as well as births that are closely-spaced, unwanted births, births outside of marriage, births in a high-conflict relationship, and births to multiple partners. The proposed project will incorporate an ecological and life-course perspective, which posits that subsequent male fertility behaviors will be influenced by factors from multiple domains, including characteristics of individuals, their families, their partners, their children, their communities, and social policies, The four stages of the proposed project will produce important information about: the process of childbearing among males compared to females (Stage 1 ); the factors influencing subsequent fertility among fathers, with a particular focus on socioeconomic status, demographic and policy characteristics (Stage 2), as well as on the role of men's relationships with their partners and children (Stage 3); and the occurrence of multiple simultaneous positive or negative fatherhood outcomes (Stage 4). We propose to use five data files for different components of the proposed analyses, including the National Survey of Adolescent Males (1995), the National Survey of Family Growth (2002), the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1979 sohort, the father surveys from the Fragile Family and Child Well-Being Study, and the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort. Analyses will include discrete-time event history analyses to model the transition to a subsequent birth and to compare the transition to births in different circumstances, as well as Iogit and multinomial Iogit analyses to assess the influence of multiple domains on the different circumstances of subsequent fatherhood. Analyses will be conducted separately among critical sub-populations, including gender and multivariate comparisons by father's race/ethnicity, age, parity, socioeconomic status, and historical time period. Both the research and policy communities will benefit from empirical research designed to expand out understanding of family building from the male perspective.