Racial and Ethnic Differences in Physical Activity

体育活动的种族和民族差异

• 批准号: 7924119
• 负责人: Henry Saffer
• 金额: $ 23.46万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7924119
• 关键词: Accounting; Adverse effects; African American; Alaska Native; American; American Indians; Asian Americans; Categories; Characteristics; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Documentation; Education; Educational Background; Ensure; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Geographic Locations; Health; Health Status; Heterogeneity; Hispanics; Hour; Household; Income; Individual; Industry; Marketing; Measurement; Measures; Metabolic; Minority; Minority Groups; Multivariate Analysis; Not Hispanic or Latino; Obesity; Occupations; Outcome; Physical activity; Play; Policies; Population; Process; Public Health; Public Policy; Race; Reporting; Research; Respondent; Role; Sampling; Subgroup; Surveys; Testing; Time; Validation; Variant; Work; base; demographics; diaries; follow-up; improved; innovation; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; racial/ethnic difference; residence; standardize measure; time use

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will investigate racial and ethnic differences in physical activity (PA). This is important since PA has been shown to have a positive impact on health. Physical activity occurs during leisure-time, household work and market work. Prior studies show that whites engage in more leisure time PA than minorities. However, there is evidence that minorities engage in more PA at work. Less is known about PA differentials in household work and about total PA differentials. Prior studies of PA have relied largely on small esoteric samples or on one of three national datasets. These small samples are problematic since they cannot be generalized to the overall population. The national data sets are also problematic since they include reporting and recall errors, lack detailed information on the various types of PA and measure PA in relation to subjective categories which are open to individual interpretation. This project will improve on prior studies by employing the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) for a comprehensive examination of racial and ethnic differences in PA and an examination of the correlates of PA for specific race and ethnic subgroups. The ATUS is a large nationally-representative sample which includes extensive data on PA. These surveys include a detailed time diary and have undergone substantive field testing, and follow-up testing to ensure consistency. Multivariate analyses will investigate whether, and to what extent, the observed differences in the various types of PA are driven by differences in income and education, other demographics, environmental factors, occupation and industry selection, and other measures of individual heterogeneity. These estimates will be policy relevant since they will be useful in identifying public policies to promote PA within target groups. If there is significant variation in PA across race/ethnic groups, then these differences may also be contributing to the persistent racial disparities in health status, for which the underlying causes are not fully accounted. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project will measure differences in physical activity by race and ethnic group. The factors contributing to any differentials will also be investigated. Since physical activity has been shown to have a positive effect on health, lower levels for minority groups would be a factor contributing to observed racial and ethnic health differentials.

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目将调查种族和民族在体育活动（PA）方面的差异。这一点很重要，因为PA已被证明对健康有积极影响。体力活动发生在闲暇时间、家务劳动和市场工作期间。先前的研究表明，白人比少数族裔有更多的休闲时间。然而，有证据表明，少数族裔在工作中参与更多的PA。对家务劳动中的PA差异和总PA差异了解较少。先前的PA研究主要依赖于小的深奥的样本或三个国家数据集之一。这些小样本是有问题的，因为它们不能推广到总体。国家数据集也存在问题，因为它们包括报告和召回错误，缺乏关于各种PA类型的详细信息，并且与个人解释开放的主观类别有关的测量PA。本项目将通过采用美国时间使用调查（ATUS）来改进先前的研究，对生活习惯的种族和民族差异进行全面检查，并对特定种族和民族亚群体的生活习惯的相关性进行检查。ATUS是一个具有全国代表性的大型样本，其中包括广泛的PA数据。这些调查包括详细的时间日志，并进行了大量的现场测试和后续测试，以确保一致性。多变量分析将调查所观察到的不同类型PA的差异是否以及在多大程度上是由收入和教育、其他人口统计、环境因素、职业和行业选择以及其他个体异质性指标的差异驱动的。这些估计将与政策有关，因为它们将有助于确定在目标群体内促进PA的公共政策。如果不同种族/民族的PA存在显著差异，那么这些差异也可能导致健康状况的持续种族差异，其根本原因尚未得到充分解释。公共卫生相关性：该项目将按种族和族裔群体衡量体育活动的差异。还将调查造成任何差异的因素。由于体育活动已被证明对健康有积极影响，少数群体的体育活动水平较低将是造成所观察到的种族和族裔健康差异的一个因素。