Racial and Ethnic Differences in Physical Activity

描述(由申请者提供)：这个项目将调查种族和民族在体育活动(PA)的差异。这一点很重要，因为PA已被证明对健康有积极影响。体力活动发生在休闲时间、家务工作和市场工作中。先前的研究表明，白人比少数族裔拥有更多的休闲时间。然而，有证据表明，少数族裔在工作中参与了更多的私人助理工作。关于家务劳动中的PA差异以及总的PA差异，我们知之甚少。以前对PA的研究主要依赖于深奥的小样本或三个国家数据集之一。这些小样本是有问题的，因为它们不能推广到整个人口。国家数据集也是有问题的，因为它们包括报告和召回错误，缺乏关于各种类型的PA的详细信息，并衡量与主观类别有关的PA，这些类别可以单独解释。该项目将改进先前的研究，采用美国时间使用调查(ATUS)来全面检查PA的种族和民族差异，并检查PA与特定种族和民族亚群的相关性。ATUS是一个具有全国代表性的大样本，其中包括关于PA的大量数据。这些调查包括详细的时间日记，并进行了大量实地测试和后续测试，以确保一致性。多变量分析将调查不同类型PA中观察到的差异是否以及在多大程度上是由收入和教育、其他人口统计、环境因素、职业和行业选择以及其他个人异质性衡量标准的差异驱动的。这些估计将是与政策相关的，因为它们将有助于确定在目标群体中推广PA的公共政策。如果不同种族/族裔群体的个人健康状况有很大差异，那么这些差异也可能是造成健康状况长期存在种族差异的原因之一，其根本原因没有得到充分解释。公共卫生相关性：该项目将按种族和民族群体衡量身体活动的差异。还将调查造成任何差异的因素。由于体育活动已被证明对健康有积极影响，少数群体的低水平将是导致观察到的种族和民族健康差异的一个因素。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will investigate racial and ethnic differences in physical activity (PA). This is important since PA has been shown to have a positive impact on health. Physical activity occurs during leisure-time, household work and market work. Prior studies show that whites engage in more leisure time PA than minorities. However, there is evidence that minorities engage in more PA at work. Less is known about PA differentials in household work and about total PA differentials. Prior studies of PA have relied largely on small esoteric samples or on one of three national datasets. These small samples are problematic since they cannot be generalized to the overall population. The national data sets are also problematic since they include reporting and recall errors, lack detailed information on the various types of PA and measure PA in relation to subjective categories which are open to individual interpretation. This project will improve on prior studies by employing the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) for a comprehensive examination of racial and ethnic differences in PA and an examination of the correlates of PA for specific race and ethnic subgroups. The ATUS is a large nationally-representative sample which includes extensive data on PA. These surveys include a detailed time diary and have undergone substantive field testing, and follow-up testing to ensure consistency. Multivariate analyses will investigate whether, and to what extent, the observed differences in the various types of PA are driven by differences in income and education, other demographics, environmental factors, occupation and industry selection, and other measures of individual heterogeneity. These estimates will be policy relevant since they will be useful in identifying public policies to promote PA within target groups. If there is significant variation in PA across race/ethnic groups, then these differences may also be contributing to the persistent racial disparities in health status, for which the underlying causes are not fully accounted. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project will measure differences in physical activity by race and ethnic group. The factors contributing to any differentials will also be investigated. Since physical activity has been shown to have a positive effect on health, lower levels for minority groups would be a factor contributing to observed racial and ethnic health differentials.