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Multisensory integration and self-motion perception in primate vestibular cortex

Multisensory integration and self-motion perception in primate vestibular cortex
灵长类动物前庭皮层的多感觉整合和自我运动感知
批准号:
10753017
负责人:
Alejandra Gomez
金额:
$7.37万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2023
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
未结题
起止时间:
2023-08-16 至 2025-08-15

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中文摘要
翻译
项目摘要 在脊椎动物中,前庭系统(主要被称为大脑的“平衡系统”) 头部运动和方向信号,为生物体提供自我运动的感觉。的重要贡献 前庭系统对姿势、凝视和步态的反射性控制的特征很好;然而, 关于高级前庭功能的神经基质,如自我感知, 运动和对空间方位的意识。这些功能依赖于大脑皮层整合 前庭输入与躯体感觉和视觉输入。在非人类灵长类动物中,顶岛前庭 皮层(PIVC)是唯一适合执行这种多感觉整合。不像其他前庭敏感皮层 PIVC可以直接进入前庭,体感和来自丘脑的视觉输入;事实上,它是 假设其他前庭皮质区从PIVC接收前庭输入,从而使其成为一个连接 更高级的前庭功能。尽管其假设的重要性,很少有人知道 PIVC整合前庭和前庭外输入的神经机制,以及这种整合 是上下文相关的。例如,目前尚不清楚PIVC神经元是否区分前庭输入, 在被动与主动运动期间产生;这种分化见于前庭核和丘脑 并且被认为是产生运动代理感所必需的。为了研究这些问题,我建议 进行高密度神经生理记录行为灵长类动物在被动刺激和 主动产生的头部和全身运动。在目标1中,我将研究PIVC如何被动地集成 应用前庭和躯体感觉输入(目标1.1),然后是前庭和视觉输入(目标1.2)。在目标2中,我 将研究PIVC是否在被动和主动运动期间差异处理前庭输入。 具体来说,我将研究PIVC如何处理自然自我运动过程中产生的前庭输入(即,表示“自” 以转头任务的形式依赖于感觉运动输入的运动,目标2.1)。然后我将研究如何PIVC 处理在学习过程中产生的前庭输入,认知要求运动任务(目标2.2)。在这两个目标中, 我将确定PIVC中的单个神经元是如何编码前庭和前庭外输入的, 信息是在人口一级提供的。拟议的实验将解决两个问题, 是理解PIVC功能的基础:1)PIVC如何整合多感觉输入以构建一个 自我运动的能力?2)PIVC神经元对自我运动的处理是否与 提供一种运动代理的感觉?此外,所提出的实验将确定感觉运动和 自我运动的认知感知在PIVC中表示。这项研究将提供新的见解, 前庭功能,以及它如何支持高阶过程,使灵长类动物(包括人类和非人类), 人类)成功地感知和导航他们的环境。
英文摘要
Project Summary In vertebrate animals, the vestibular system (primarily known as the “balance system” of the brain) interprets head-movement and orientation signals to provide organisms with a sense of self-motion. The vital contribution of vestibular system to reflexive control of posture, gaze, and gait is well characterized; however, far less is known about the neural substrates underlying higher-order vestibular functions, such as the perception of self- motion and the awareness of one's orientation in space. These functions rely on the cortical integration of vestibular input with somatosensory and visual input. In non-human primates, the parieto-insular vestibular cortex (PIVC) is uniquely suited to perform this multisensory integration. Unlike other vestibular-sensitive cortical areas, PIVC has direct access to vestibular, somatosensory, and visual input from the thalamus; indeed, it is hypothesized that other vestibular cortical areas receive their vestibular input from PIVC, thus making it a nexus for higher-order vestibular function. Despite its hypothesized importance, extremely little is known about the neural mechanisms by which PIVC integrates vestibular and extra-vestibular input, and whether this integration is context dependent. For example, it is unclear whether PIVC neurons differentiate between vestibular input generated during passive vs. active movements; such differentiation is seen in the vestibular nuclei and thalamus and is thought to be essential for producing a sense of motor agency. To investigate these issues, I propose to conduct high-density neurophysiological recordings in behaving primates during both passive stimulation and actively generated head and whole-body movement. In Aim 1, I will investigate how PIVC integrates passively applied vestibular and somatosensory input (Aim 1.1) and then vestibular and visual input (Aim 1.2). In Aim 2, I will investigate whether PIVC differentially processes vestibular input during passive and active movement. Specifically, I will examine how PIVC processes vestibular input generated during natural self-motion (i.e., self- motion relying on sensorimotor input in the form of a head-turning task, Aim 2.1). I will then examine how PIVC processes vestibular input generated during a learned, cognitively demanding motor task (Aim 2.2). In both aims, I will determine how individual neurons in PIVC encode vestibular and extra-vestibular input, as well as how this information is represented at the population level. The proposed experiments will resolve two questions which are fundamental to understanding PIVC function: 1) How does PIVC integrate multisensory input to construct a percept of self-motion? and 2) Is the processing of self-motion by PIVC neurons consistent with that required to provide a sense of motor agency? Furthermore, the proposed experiments will determine how sensorimotor and cognitive percepts of self-motion are represented in PIVC. This research will provide new insights into cortical vestibular function and how it supports the higher-order processes that allow primates (both human and non- human) to successfully perceive and navigate their environments.
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