Multisensory integration and self-motion perception in primate vestibular cortex

灵长类动物前庭皮层的多感觉整合和自我运动感知

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    10753017
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 7.37万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2023-08-16 至 2025-08-15
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Project Summary In vertebrate animals, the vestibular system (primarily known as the “balance system” of the brain) interprets head-movement and orientation signals to provide organisms with a sense of self-motion. The vital contribution of vestibular system to reflexive control of posture, gaze, and gait is well characterized; however, far less is known about the neural substrates underlying higher-order vestibular functions, such as the perception of self- motion and the awareness of one's orientation in space. These functions rely on the cortical integration of vestibular input with somatosensory and visual input. In non-human primates, the parieto-insular vestibular cortex (PIVC) is uniquely suited to perform this multisensory integration. Unlike other vestibular-sensitive cortical areas, PIVC has direct access to vestibular, somatosensory, and visual input from the thalamus; indeed, it is hypothesized that other vestibular cortical areas receive their vestibular input from PIVC, thus making it a nexus for higher-order vestibular function. Despite its hypothesized importance, extremely little is known about the neural mechanisms by which PIVC integrates vestibular and extra-vestibular input, and whether this integration is context dependent. For example, it is unclear whether PIVC neurons differentiate between vestibular input generated during passive vs. active movements; such differentiation is seen in the vestibular nuclei and thalamus and is thought to be essential for producing a sense of motor agency. To investigate these issues, I propose to conduct high-density neurophysiological recordings in behaving primates during both passive stimulation and actively generated head and whole-body movement. In Aim 1, I will investigate how PIVC integrates passively applied vestibular and somatosensory input (Aim 1.1) and then vestibular and visual input (Aim 1.2). In Aim 2, I will investigate whether PIVC differentially processes vestibular input during passive and active movement. Specifically, I will examine how PIVC processes vestibular input generated during natural self-motion (i.e., self- motion relying on sensorimotor input in the form of a head-turning task, Aim 2.1). I will then examine how PIVC processes vestibular input generated during a learned, cognitively demanding motor task (Aim 2.2). In both aims, I will determine how individual neurons in PIVC encode vestibular and extra-vestibular input, as well as how this information is represented at the population level. The proposed experiments will resolve two questions which are fundamental to understanding PIVC function: 1) How does PIVC integrate multisensory input to construct a percept of self-motion? and 2) Is the processing of self-motion by PIVC neurons consistent with that required to provide a sense of motor agency? Furthermore, the proposed experiments will determine how sensorimotor and cognitive percepts of self-motion are represented in PIVC. This research will provide new insights into cortical vestibular function and how it supports the higher-order processes that allow primates (both human and non- human) to successfully perceive and navigate their environments.
项目概要 在脊椎动物中,前庭系统(主要称为大脑的“平衡系统”)解释 头部运动和方向信号为生物体提供自我运动感。至关重要的贡献 前庭系统对姿势、凝视和步态的反射性控制的作用已得到很好的表征;然而,少之又少的是 了解高阶前庭功能的神经基础,例如自我感知 运动和空间方位意识。这些功能依赖于皮质整合 前庭输入具有体感和视觉输入。在非人类灵长类动物中,顶岛前庭 皮层(PIVC)非常适合执行这种多感觉整合。与其他前庭敏感皮质不同 PIVC 可以直接访问来自丘脑的前庭、体感和视觉输入;确实,它是 假设其他前庭皮质区域从 PIVC 接收前庭输入,从而使其成为一个联系 用于高阶前庭功能。尽管它被认为很重要,但人们对它知之甚少 PIVC 整合前庭和前庭外输入的神经机制,以及这种整合是否 是上下文相关的。例如,尚不清楚 PIVC 神经元是否区分前庭输入 在被动运动与主动运动期间产生;这种分化见于前庭核和丘脑 并且被认为对于产生汽车代理感至关重要。为了调查这些问题,我建议 对灵长类动物在被动刺激和 主动产生头部和全身运动。在目标 1 中,我将研究 PIVC 如何被动集成 应用前庭和体感输入(目标 1.1),然后应用前庭和视觉输入(目标 1.2)。在目标 2 中,我 将研究 PIVC 在被动和主动运动期间是否有差异地处理前庭输入。 具体来说,我将研究 PIVC 如何处理自然自我运动(即自我运动)过程中产生的前庭输入。 依赖于转头任务形式的感觉运动输入的运动,目标 2.1)。然后我将检查 PIVC 如何 处理在学习的、认知要求高的运动任务中产生的前庭输入(目标 2.2)。在这两个目标中, 我将确定 PIVC 中的单个神经元如何编码前庭和前庭外输入,以及如何编码 信息是在人口层面上体现的。所提出的实验将解决两个问题 是理解 PIVC 功能的基础: 1) PIVC 如何整合多感官输入来构建 自我运动的感知? 2) PIVC 神经元对自我运动的处理是否与 提供一种汽车代理感?此外,拟议的实验将确定感觉运动和 自我运动的认知感知在 PIVC 中得到体现。这项研究将为大脑皮层提供新的见解 前庭功能及其如何支持允许灵长类动物(人类和非人类)的高阶过程 人类)成功地感知和导航他们的环境。

项目成果

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