Genetic cognitive and interpersonal vulnerabilities to depression in youth

青少年抑郁症的遗传认知和人际关系脆弱性

• 批准号: 7822830
• 负责人: Jami F Young
• 金额: $ 34.76万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-08-15 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7822830
• 关键词: Accounting; Adolescence; Age; Attitude; Behavioral; Blood; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Cognitive; Data; Depressed mood; Development; Exhibits; Female Adolescents; Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Growth; Interview; Longitudinal Studies; Low Prevalence; Measurement; Measures; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; Pathway interactions; Phase; Prevalence; Prevention program; Prospective Studies; Puberty; Public Health; Questionnaires; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Risk; Risk Factors; Sex Characteristics; Site; Social support; South Carolina; Stress; Testing; Time; Universities; Work; Youth; boys; clinically significant; cohort; depressive symptoms; design; early adolescence; endophenotype; experience; follow up assessment; girls; informant; programs; prospective; psychosocial; stressor; success; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Three phases in the development of depression have been identified: (1) low prevalence in childhood (1- 2%), (2) low overall prevalence but emergence of a sex difference in early adolescence, and (3) a dramatic rise in prevalence in middle to late adolescence (from 3-17%). It is essential to study vulnerabilities for developing depression in these different phases so that more focused developmentally sensitive treatment / prevention programs may be created for this significant public health concern. This study aims to examine how genetic, cognitive, and interpersonal vulnerability factors work together to contribute to depression within a vulnerability- stress framework during each of these phases. More specifically we seek to study (1) when and how cognitive and interpersonal vulnerabilities stabilize into trait-like risks that interact with stress to predict depression, (2) how genetic, cognitive, and interpersonal vulnerabilities, alone and in interaction with stress, explain why more girls become depressed than boys in early adolescence, and (3) how genetic, cognitive, and interpersonal vulnerabilities relate to each other and interact with stress to predict the dramatic surge in depression in middle to late adolescence. This multi-wave, multi-method (questionnaire, clinical interviews, behavioral tasks, blood draws), multi- informant (youth, mother, clinician) prospective study will (1) explore when psychosocial vulnerabilities to depression stabilize and (2) test the hypotheses that genetic, cognitive, and interpersonal vulnerability factors to depression interact with an increasing number of stressors throughout adolescence, particularly for girls, to predict the emergence of sex differences in the prevalence of depression in early adolescence and the dramatic increase in depression during middle adolescence. To examine causes of depression in each of these phases within this integrative vulnerability-stress framework, we will use an accelerated longitudinal, cross-sequential design to follow 3rd, 6th, and 9th graders and their mothers (n=250 youth and 250 mothers in each cohort), after an initial lab assessment, every 3 months for 3 years (12 follow-up assessments). Multilevel growth curve modeling will be used to test hypotheses.

描述（由申请人提供）：抑郁症发展的三个阶段已被确定：(1)儿童期低患病率（1- 2%），(2)总体患病率低，但在青春期早期出现性别差异，(3)青春期中后期患病率急剧上升（3 -17%）。研究这些不同阶段的抑郁症发展的脆弱性是至关重要的，这样就可以针对这一重大的公共卫生问题制定更有针对性的发展敏感治疗/预防方案。本研究旨在研究遗传、认知和人际脆弱性因素如何共同作用，在每个阶段的脆弱性-压力框架内促进抑郁。更具体地说，我们试图研究(1)认知和人际脆弱性何时以及如何稳定为与压力相互作用的特征风险，以预测抑郁症；(2)基因、认知和人际脆弱性如何单独或与压力相互作用，解释为什么在青春期早期女孩比男孩更容易抑郁；(3)基因、认知、人际脆弱性相互关联，与压力相互作用，预示着青春期中后期抑郁症的急剧增加。这项多波、多方法（问卷调查、临床访谈、行为任务、抽血）、多信息提供者（青少年、母亲、临床医生）的前瞻性研究将(1)探索抑郁症的心理社会脆弱性何时稳定；(2)检验抑郁症的遗传、认知和人际脆弱性因素与青春期，特别是女孩越来越多的压力源相互作用的假设。预测青春期早期抑郁患病率的性别差异和青春期中期抑郁急剧增加的性别差异。为了在这个综合脆弱性-压力框架内检查每个阶段的抑郁原因，我们将使用加速纵向，交叉序列设计来跟踪三年级，六年级和九年级学生及其母亲（n=250名青年和250名母亲），在初始实验室评估后，每3个月进行一次，为期3年（12次随访评估）。将使用多水平增长曲线模型来检验假设。