The Impact of Adaptation on Successful Implementation

适应对成功实施的影响

• 批准号: 7894850
• 负责人: William B. Hansen
• 金额: $ 62.6万
• 依托单位: TANGLEWOOD RESEARCH, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2013-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7894850
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Applications Grants; Attention; Benign; Caring; Client; Communities; Community Services; Country; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Development; Drug usage; Education; Effectiveness; Evidence based program; Follow-Up Studies; Funding; Goals; Illicit Drugs; Inhalant dose form; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Marijuana; Marketing; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Modification; Outcome; Policies; Preparation; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention program; Program Effectiveness; Puerto Rico; Randomized Controlled Trials; Registries; Research; Research Design; Research Project Grants; Sampling; Schools; Site; Students; Surveys; Testing; Tobacco; Training; United States Virgin Islands; Videotape; Work; Writing; abstracting; adolescent drug use; base; contextual factors; design; dissemination research; drug abuse prevention; effectiveness research; efficacy research; experience; improved; meetings; programs; prospective; therapy design; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Impact of Adaptation on Successful Implementation Abstract During the period encompassed by the 1980s and 1990s, the focus on drug abuse prevention research was to identify components of intervention that could be demonstrated to be efficacious in deterring the onset of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, inhalants, and other forms of drug use. During this period, the question asked evolved from "Can prevention work?" to become "What can make programs more efficacious through how programs are designed?" With the advent of the US Department of Education's Principles of Effectiveness and the establishment of SAMHSA's National Registry of Effective Programs and Practices (NREPP) and a corresponding shift in policy that promoted funding for evidence-based programs in schools and community groups, there has been a noticeable shift away from research to demonstrate efficacy. The goal of the proposed research is to understand how implementers adapt All Stars, a research-based program that has been adopted by more than 250 schools and community service agencies in 48 states, the Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico. The overall goal of this research is to answer three questions in sequence: (1) to what extent and why do All Stars' implementers modify the program as written? (2) How do modifications affect targeted mediators and outcome variables? (3) Does an intervention designed to promote positive modifications improve outcomes? The current project will address questions (1) and (2) in preparation for a subsequent grant application that will be devoted to addressing question (3). Two sub-studies will be conducted. The goal of Sub-Study 1 is to define how and why implementers modify All Stars when it is implemented. Both planned and unplanned modifications will be examined by reviewing videotapes collected from a previous research project as well as by conducting surveys, observations, and interviews with prospective implementers. Adaptations will be documented and the rationale for these modifications explored. Sub-Study 1 will result in the development of data collection tools that will be used in Sub-Study 2. The goal of Sub-Study 2 will be to collect extensive data about adaptation from a large number of dissemination sites} clients already using All Stars } to determine the degree to which various types of adaptations either augment, have a neutral effect, or diminish the effectiveness of the program in terms of changing mediating variables targeted by the program and adolescents' drug use. Results will be used in a follow-up study in which strategies for developing programming to promote positive adaptation and to meet implementers' needs will be developed and tested in a randomized control trial. Project Narrative Drug use, including the use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, inhalants, and illicit drugs continues to be a problem throughout the nation. Numerous research-based prevention programs are now disseminated throughout the country. This project will examine how schools and community service agencies that have adopted one drug use prevention program, All Stars, implement the program to students, how and why they make adaptations to the program, and what effect making adaptations has on successfully achieving the program's goals.

描述（由申请人提供）：在1980年代和1990年代所包括的期间，适应对成功实施的影响，对预防药物预防研究的关注是确定可以证明可以有效地阻止酒精，烟草，烟草，大麻，inshalants和其他形成药物的干预组成部分。在此期间，问题是从“可以预防工作？”进化而来的。成为“如何通过计划的设计使程序更有效？”随着美国教育部有效性原则的出现以及SAMHSA国家有效计划与实践注册典（NREPP）的建立，政策的相应转变，促进了学校和社区团体中循证计划的资金，从研究中出现了明显的转变，从研究中发生了明显的转变。拟议的研究的目的是了解实施者如何适应All Star，这是一个基于研究的计划，该计划已被48个州，维尔京群岛和波多黎各的250多个学校和社区服务机构通过。这项研究的总体目标是按顺序回答三个问题：（1）在多大程度上以及为什么所有明星的实施者都将程序修改为书面？ （2）修改如何影响靶向介体和结果变量？ （3）旨在促进积极修改的干预措施是否改善了结果？当前的项目将解决问题（1）和（2），以准备随后的赠款申请，该申请将用于解决问题（3）。将进行两个子研究。子研究1的目标是定义实施者在实施时如何以及为什么修改所有恒星。计划和计划外的修改将通过审查从先前的研究项目中收集的录像带以及进行调查，观察和对潜在实施者的访谈来检查。将记录改编版，并探讨这些修改的基本原理。子研究1将导致数据收集工具的开发，该工具将在子研究2中使用。子研究2的目标是收集有关已经使用全明星的大量传播站点适应的广泛数据}，以确定各种类型的适应能力，以增强效果，或者在更改阶段的方案中，以使各种类型的适应性在哪些类型的适应方面进行了效应，并且在适应性方面降低了阶段的效果，并且在适应性方面的效果和变化的能力是在适应性的效果，而在阶段中更换了阶段，以使能力效应效果，以识别效应的能力。 使用。结果将在后续研究中使用，在后续研究中，将在一项随机对照试验中开发和测试，以开发促进积极适应并满足实施者需求的策略。项目叙事毒品的使用，包括使用酒精，烟草，大麻，吸入剂和非法药物，在全国范围内仍然是一个问题。现在，全国各地都在传播许多基于研究的预防计划。该项目将研究采用了一项预防药物使用计划的学校和社区服务机构如何向学生实施该计划，如何以及为什么对该计划进行适应，以及使改编的影响对成功实现该计划的目标有什么影响。