Statistical Methods

统计方法

• 批准号: 7786696
• 负责人: Bernard A Rosner
• 金额: $ 11.88万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7786696
• 关键词: Age; Bilateral oophorectomy; Biological Markers; Breast; Breast Cancer Risk Factor; Cancer Etiology; Cause of Death; Cells; Collection; Colon; Colon Carcinoma; Colonic Neoplasms; Colorectal; Colorectal Adenoma; Colorectal Cancer; Complex; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Databases; Diet; Distal; ERBB2 gene; Epidemiology; Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor; Estrogen Receptor Status; Estrogen Receptors; Etiology; Genetic Risk; Genus Cola; Goals; Grant; Hormones; Hysterectomy; Incidence; Leadership; Life; Logistic Regressions; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of ovary; Mammary Neoplasms; Mammographic Density; Measures; Menopausal Status; Menopause; Methods; Methylation; Modeling; Mutation; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcome; Ovulation; Physical activity; Premenopause; Probability; Progesterone Receptors; ROC Curve; Rectal Cancer; Recurrence; Research Infrastructure; Risk; Risk Factors; Sample Size; Somatotype; Staining method; Stains; Statistical Methods; Survival Analysis; Techniques; Time; Tumor Markers; Update; Weight; Woman; adenoma; base; cancer epidemiology; cancer risk; case control; cigarette smoking; cohort; follow-up; genome wide association study; high risk; improved; innovation; malignant breast neoplasm; novel; ovarian neoplasm; prospective; time use; tumor

Diet is a risk factor for many cancers. However, the appropriate latent period for dietary risk factors is unknown. A strength of the NHS database is the availability of repeat dietary information over 30+ years. One goal of this application (aim 1) is to obtain optimal methods of weighting repeated measures of diet over a 30 year period using an exponential smoothing weighting function. This approach will also be applied to non-dietary exposures such as cigarette smoking and hormone use over a long period of time. Another innovation in cancer epidemiology is the availability of multiple tumor markers which can refine the epidemiology of specific cancers according to tumor type, and help confirm the causality of an association. However, as the number of tumor markers gets large, the number of subsets of tumors also gets large. In aim 2, we propose survival analysis methods to estimate the 2-way interaction between risk factors and tumor types as well as 3-way interactions between risk factors and combinations of tumor types. Improvements in cancer risk prediction are increasingly occurring with novel risk factors measured in case-control datasets. Aim 3 of this application combines information on novel risk factors in case/control datasets with standard risk factors in prospective datasets to improve risk prediction. For breast cancer, an Important predictor is age at menopause. However, this is only known for women with natural menopause and bilateral oophorectomy. In aim 4, we seek to estimate age at natural menopause among other surgical menopause women to reduce bias and enhance precision of breast cancer risk prediction. In aim 5, we will extend the colon cancer risk prediction model developed in the previous cycle of this grant, by developing separate models for proximal cancer, distal cancer and rectal cancer. We also consider novel methods of analysis of recurrent colorectal adenoma outcome data using interval censored survival methods. This Project will interact closely with Projects 1-3 to improve our understanding of the etiology of breast, colorectal and ovarian cancers in women. It also shares with the other Projects a strong administrative and scientific infrastructure provided by Cores A (cohort follow-up and data base maintenance), B (confirmation of cancer and cause of death), C (management of the biospecimens) and D (leadership and data analysis).

饮食是许多癌症的危险因素。然而，饮食风险因素的适当潜伏期尚不清楚。NHS数据库的一个优势是30多年来重复饮食信息的可用性。本申请的一个目标（目的1）是使用指数平滑加权函数获得在30年期间对饮食的重复测量进行加权的最佳方法。这种方法也将适用于非饮食暴露，如吸烟和长期使用激素。 癌症流行病学的另一个创新是多种肿瘤标志物的可用性，这些标志物可以根据肿瘤类型细化特定癌症的流行病学，并帮助确认相关性的因果关系。然而，随着肿瘤标志物的数量变大，肿瘤子集的数量也变大。在目标2中，我们提出了生存分析方法来估计危险因素和肿瘤类型之间的双向相互作用以及危险因素和肿瘤类型组合之间的3向相互作用。 癌症风险预测的改善越来越多地发生在病例对照数据集中测量的新风险因素中。本申请的目的3将病例/对照数据集中的新风险因素信息与前瞻性数据集中的标准风险因素相结合，以改善风险预测。对于乳腺癌，一个重要的预测因素是绝经年龄。然而，这只适用于自然绝经和双侧卵巢切除的妇女。在目标4中，我们试图估计其他手术绝经妇女的自然绝经年龄，以减少偏倚并提高乳腺癌风险预测的准确性。在目标5中，我们将通过开发近端癌、远端癌和直肠癌的单独模型，扩展本基金上一周期开发的结肠癌风险预测模型。我们还考虑了使用区间删失生存方法分析复发性结直肠腺瘤结局数据的新方法。 该项目将与项目1-3密切互动，以提高我们对女性乳腺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌病因的理解。它还与其他项目共享由核心A（队列随访和数据库维护）、核心B（癌症和死因确认）、核心C（生物标本管理）和核心D（领导和数据分析）提供的强大的行政和科学基础设施。