Brain Imaging in Major Psychoses: Examining Structural & Functional Connectivity

主要精神病的脑成像：检查结构

• 批准号: 7886065
• 负责人: NANCY C ANDREASEN
• 金额: $ 62.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-09-01 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7886065
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adult; Affect; Age; Anisotropy; Anterior; Antipsychotic Agents; Area; Behavioral; Bilateral; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Cerebral cortex; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Chronic; Clinical; Cognitive; Computer software; Conflict (Psychology); Control Groups; Copy Number Polymorphism; Corpus striatum structure; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Diagnosis; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dimensions; Disease; Doctor of Medicine; Doctor of Philosophy; Dopamine; Dorsal; Emotional; Environment; Equilibrium; Etiology; Face; Fiber; Forcep; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Genes; Grant; Hippocampal Formation; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Impairment; Individual; Inferior; Intervention; Joints; Literature; Lobe; Magnetic Resonance; Measurable; Measures; Medial; Memory; Mental disorders; Methods; Minor; Modality; Molecular; Neurons; Parietal Lobe; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Positron-Emission Tomography; Price; Principal Investigator; Process; Psychotic Disorders; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research Design; Research Personnel; Running; Schizophrenia; Secondary to; Severity of illness; Staging; Structure of inferior temporal gyrus; Subgroup; Symptoms; Synapses; Synaptic plasticity; Syndrome; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Tissues; Withdrawal; Work; association cortex; base; brain tissue; burnout; cognitive change; design; follow-up; frontal lobe; genetic analysis; gray matter; heuristics; imaging modality; improved; in vivo; independent component analysis; innovation; longitudinal analysis; longitudinal design; myelination; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; novel; programs; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; social; symptomatic improvement; tool; treatment effect; volunteer; white matter; white matter change

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Identifying the neural substrates of schizophrenia is a key step in developing more targeted treatments or identifying molecular mechanisms. The tools of neuroimaging have substantially facilitated this search. For approximately the past decade, we have been exploring the hypothesis that patients with schizophrenia suffer from a "misconnection syndrome": a disturbance in a widely distributed network of brain regions. This misconnection leads in turn to impairment in the ability to integrate information ("thought disorder") that is the hallmark of schizophrenia. The proposed project examines both structural connectivity (using diffusion tensor imaging, or DTI) and functional connectivity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMR) to examine the "default network" during random episodic silent thought ("REST"). We will employ both a cross-sectional and a longitudinal design in order to examine whether impairments in structural and functional connectivity progress over time, based on our preliminary work suggesting that this is the case. We will collect MR data at baseline in first episode patients, chronic patients, and healthy normal volunteers. A subset of the first episode patients will be studied when they are still neuroleptic naive. Follow-up MR data will be obtained at two time points. Only a few studies to date have examined first episode patients. Ours will be one of the first to compare first episode patients and chronic patients, using a matched control group. There are very few studies examining the issue of progression or of medication effects with DTI. Neuroleptic naive subjects have never been examined, nor has DTI been applied in a longitudinal design. DTI and fMR provide different and complementary data about the brain; additional power is provided if this information can be integrated in a single analysis. We will use novel statistical techniques for "data fusion" to integrate the information from DTI measures of structural connectivity with fMR measures of functional connectivity. Thus the proposed work with is highly innovative.

描述(由申请人提供)：确定精神分裂症的神经基础是开发更有针对性的治疗方法或确定分子机制的关键步骤。神经成像工具在很大程度上促进了这一研究。大约在过去的十年里，我们一直在探索这样一种假设，即精神分裂症患者患有“错误连接综合征”：一种广泛分布的大脑区域网络中的障碍。这种错误的联系反过来会导致整合信息的能力受损(“思维障碍”)，这是精神分裂症的标志。这项拟议的项目使用功能磁共振成像(FMR)检查了结构连接(使用扩散张量成像，或DTI)和功能连接(使用功能磁共振成像)，以检查随机发作静默思考(“REST”)过程中的“默认网络”。我们将采用横截面和纵向设计，以检查结构和功能连接性的损害是否随着时间的推移而进展，基于我们的初步工作，表明情况是这样的。我们将收集首发患者、慢性患者和健康正常志愿者的基线MR数据。第一次发作的患者中的一部分将在他们还在服用抗精神病药物时进行研究。后续的MR数据将在两个时间点获得。到目前为止，只有几项研究检查了首发患者。我们将是第一批比较首发患者和慢性患者的患者之一，使用匹配的对照组。很少有研究探讨DTI进展或药物效果的问题。从未对服用抗精神病药物的幼稚受试者进行过检查，也没有将DTI应用于纵向设计。DTI和FMR提供了关于大脑的不同和互补的数据；如果这些信息可以整合到一个单一的分析中，就会提供额外的力量。我们将使用新的统计技术进行“数据融合”，将结构连通性的DTI测量和功能连通性的FMR测量的信息整合在一起。因此，拟议的工作具有很高的创新性。