Social networks and networking that put adolescents at high risk

社交网络和网络使青少年面临高风险

• 批准号: 7936062
• 负责人: THOMAS W VALENTE
• 金额: $ 37.36万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7936062
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Area; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; California; Categories; Collection; Communities; Data; Data Collection; Dimensions; Drug usage; Electronics; Environment; Epigenetic Process; Friends; Friendships; Genetic; Health; Health behavior; Link; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Names; Outcome; Population; Prevention; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Scheme; Schools; Smoke; Smoking; Social Identification; Social Network; Students; Surveys; Time; Tobacco; Variant; Weight; Youth; adolescent substance use; arm; base; cohort; design; drinking; effective intervention; high risk; high school; peer; peer influence; response; social; social networking website

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application addresses broad Challenge Area (01) Behavior, Behavioral Change, and Prevention and specific Challenge Topic 01-AA-103* Capturing Social Network Information for Groups at High Risk for Negative Health Behaviors Research on social network influences on adolescent health behavior has focused primarily on assessments of peer influence and selection within friendship networks. Although friendships are important, and perhaps the most important adolescent relationship, they may not necessarily represent the relationship that put all adolescents at risk for negative health behaviors. For example, it may be that some adolescents are more strongly influenced to try negative health behaviors (smoking, drinking) by their desired romantic partners or those they perceive as popular rather than friends. While several findings in the field of adolescent health behavior are well-established, considerable basic science regarding the collection of network data remains to be done. This study proposes to investigate how social network data may be used to identify adolescents at risk for negative health behaviors such as smoking, alcohol use, or drug use by comparing several aspects of survey data collection. These comparisons are necessary to establish the best methods for measuring social influence and hence designing effective interventions. To conduct this research we will collect new longitudinal data among a cohort of 10th grade students in five southern California high schools. While evidence indicates that network effects are strong and persistent, there remain several questions regarding how social network data should be collected among in-school adolescents. This often occurs for example because the network questions are rarely the focus of adolescent health research, the behaviors are. At least five unanswered questions within the field of social network influences will be investigated. These issues are the: (1) type of network that is most strongly associated with peer influence and/or selection; (2) relevant boundary for asking network questions, (3) extent to which tie strength matters, (4) the correspondence between online and offline networks, and (5) the intersection of social networks with social identity and group/team affiliations. The first dimensions, network type and boundary specification will be systematically varied with survey administration to measure up to 25 different networks in this population. The new data and networks will be used to assess social network risk factors for tobacco, alcohol, and substance use at two time points within one academic year. Baseline data will be used to identify at-risk youth using specific well-established network indicators based on the following categorization schemes: non-using students who are: (a) popular students embedded within using networks; (b) embedded in using friendship networks; and (c) bridges or marginals connected to using segments in their social networks. Analyses will then determine the stability and predictability of high-risk categorizations given variations in network type, network boundary, and tie strength. This study varies survey question wording and methodology to determine the most salient networks for estimating peer influence and selection on adolescent substance use. Data are collected among 10th grade students at two points in time in one academic year and also linked to adolescents' online profiles on social networking sites. The stability and predictability of at risk categorizations based on network and behavior are estimated.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请涉及广泛的挑战领域（01）行为、行为改变和预防以及特定的挑战主题01-AA-103* 为负健康行为高危人群获取社交网络信息关于社交网络对青少年健康行为影响的研究主要集中在评估友谊网络中的同伴影响和选择。虽然友谊很重要，也许是最重要的青少年关系，但它们并不一定代表使所有青少年都面临负面健康行为风险的关系。例如，一些青少年可能会受到他们理想的浪漫伴侣或他们认为受欢迎而不是朋友的人的强烈影响，从而尝试负面健康行为（吸烟，饮酒）。虽然在青少年健康行为领域的一些研究结果是公认的，但在收集网络数据方面仍有相当多的基础科学工作有待完成。本研究旨在通过比较调查数据收集的几个方面，探讨如何使用社交网络数据来识别青少年存在吸烟、饮酒或吸毒等不良健康行为的风险。这些比较对于确定衡量社会影响的最佳方法，从而设计有效的干预措施是必要的。为了进行这项研究，我们将收集新的纵向数据队列的10年级学生在五个南加州高中。虽然有证据表明，网络的影响是强大的和持久的，仍然存在一些问题，关于如何在学校的青少年中收集社会网络数据。这种情况经常发生，例如，因为网络问题很少是青少年健康研究的重点，行为是。在社交网络影响领域，至少有五个未回答的问题将被调查。这些问题是：（1）与同伴影响和/或选择最密切相关的网络类型;（2）询问网络问题的相关边界;（3）联系强度重要的程度;（4）在线和离线网络之间的对应关系;以及（5）社交网络与社会身份和团体/团队关系的交叉点。第一个维度，网络类型和边界规格将系统地与调查管理不同，以测量多达25个不同的网络在这个人口。新的数据和网络将用于评估一个学年内两个时间点的烟草，酒精和物质使用的社会网络风险因素。将使用基线数据，利用基于以下分类办法的具体既定网络指标，确定风险青年：不使用网络的学生，他们是：（a）嵌入使用网络的受欢迎学生;（B）嵌入使用友谊网络的受欢迎学生;（c）与使用社交网络中的部分有联系的桥梁或边缘人。然后，分析将确定高风险分类的稳定性和可预测性，因为网络类型、网络边界和联系强度存在变化。本研究改变调查问题的措辞和方法，以确定最显着的网络估计青少年物质使用的同伴影响和选择。在一个学年的两个时间点收集十年级学生的数据，并与青少年在社交网站上的在线个人资料相关联。估计基于网络和行为的风险分类的稳定性和可预测性。