权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Language, Modality and the Brain

语言、情态和大脑

基本信息

批准号：
7846294
负责人：
KAREN EMMOREY
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-06-01 至 2010-10-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7846294
关键词：
Accounting Address Architecture Articulators Attention Auditory Biological Brain Cognition Cognitive Data Detection Emotional Event Face Face Processing Facial Expression Fingers Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Hand Hearing Impaired Persons Human Individual Investigation Joints Knowledge Language Lead Linguistics Location Manuals Modality Modeling Monitor Motion Motor Nature Neurobiology Neurocognitive Output Perception Policies Positioning Attribute Process Production Psycholinguistics Recruitment Activity Shapes Sign Language Speech Structure System Techniques Thinking Time Translating Vision Visual base cognitive control cognitive system deafness design follow-up language perception language processing object recognition programs relating to nervous system research study theories tool visual cognition visual feedback visual motor

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The investigation of signed languages is crucial to our understanding of the neurobiology of human language, as well as to our understanding of deafness and the design of policies and programs for deaf individuals. We have developed an integrated approach for studying the effects of the visual-gestural modality on on-line language production, on the interface between language and cognition, and on the neural systems that underlie language. A coherent set of experiments addresses each of these issues. Section I: Effects of modality on language production. Currently, very little is known about the psycholinguistic mechanisms that translate thoughts into linguistic expression for signers, and it is unclear whether models of speech production can simply be appropriated for sign language. We will utilize various psycholinguistic techniques and data to develop a model of sign production (e.g., "tip of the fingers" effects; "slips of the hand," and monitoring paradigms). Our aim is to account for unique aspects of the visual manual modality that lead to disparities between sign and speech production. Section II: The interplay between visual-gestural language and visual-motor cognitive systems. The distinct biological basis of sign language results in a unique interface between vision and language and between action systems and language production. One aim is to identify structural parallels between the visual parsing of motion and the linguistic expression of motion events. Another set of studies examines interactions between perception and action, exploring a possible "motor theory of sign perception" account of sign language processing and the effects of linguistic knowledge on visual cognition (e.g., representational momentum). In essence, we use sign language as a tool to investigate the nature of cognitive modularity and interactivity. Section III: The functional neural organization for language. Paralleling Sections I and II, we use functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to investigate a) the neural systems underlying sign production, b) the possibility of a "mirror system" for sign perception, and c) the neural basis for the structural similarity between vision and sign language perception, specifically with respect to motion processing. In addition, we continue our investigation of the neural substrates underlying the perception of linguistic and emotional facial expressions in deaf signers, focusing on the linguistic modulation of neural regions devoted to face processing.

描述（申请人提供）：手语的研究对于我们理解人类语言的神经生物学，以及我们理解耳聋和为聋人设计政策和计划至关重要。我们已经开发了一个综合的方法来研究的影响，视觉手势的方式对在线语言生产，语言和认知之间的接口，以及对神经系统的语言。一组连贯的实验解决了这些问题。第一部分：情态对语言产出的影响。目前，很少有人知道的心理语言学机制，将思想转化为语言表达的手语，也不清楚是否可以简单地适用于手语的语音生产模式。我们将利用各种心理语言学技术和数据来开发一个符号生产模型（例如，“指尖”效应;“手的滑动”和监测范例）。我们的目标是考虑到独特的方面，导致符号和语音生产之间的差距的视觉手动方式。第二部分：视觉手势语言与视觉运动认知系统之间的相互作用。手语独特的生物学基础导致视觉和语言之间以及动作系统和语言产生之间的独特界面。一个目的是确定结构之间的相似之处的视觉解析运动和运动事件的语言表达。另一组研究考察了感知和行动之间的相互作用，探索了一种可能的“符号感知运动理论”对手语处理的解释以及语言知识对视觉认知的影响（例如，代表性动量）。从本质上讲，我们使用手语作为一种工具来研究认知模块性和互动性的本质。第三部分：语言的功能性神经组织。在第一节和第二节中，我们使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来研究a）符号产生的神经系统，B）符号感知的“镜像系统”的可能性，以及c）视觉和手语感知之间结构相似性的神经基础，特别是在运动处理方面。此外，我们继续我们的调查的神经基板背后的语言和情感的面部表情的聋人签名的感知，专注于语言调制的神经区域致力于面对处理。