Neurogenomics of Social Behavior: Songbird Models

社会行为的神经基因组学：鸣禽模型

• 批准号: 7940800
• 负责人: DAVID F CLAYTON
• 金额: $ 49.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7940800
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Affect; Aggressive behavior; American; Animal Model; Area; Australia; Behavior; Behavioral; Biochemical; Biology; Birds; Brain; Caring; Color; Comparative Study; Complementary DNA; Complex; Consultations; Cues; Dental crowns; Development; Documentation; Ear; Ecology; Ecosystem; Employee Strikes; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Experimental Models; Family; Future; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Profile; Generations; Genes; Genetic; Genome; Genomics; Goals; Habitats; Health behavior; Home environment; Individual; Investigation; Investments; Knowledge; Laboratories; Learning; Life; Link; Measures; Messenger RNA; Modeling; Nervous system structure; Neurobiology; Observational Study; Organism; Partner in relationship; Personality; Physiological; Plant Roots; Prevention; Public Health; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Seeds; Signal Transduction; Skin; Social Behavior; Songbirds; Sparrows; Study models; Techniques; Technology; Territoriality; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Viola; Zebra; base; brain research; comparative; cost; direct application; experience; genetic analysis; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; response; social; social group; social organization; sound; tool; zebra finch

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application addresses broad Challenge Area (01) Behavior, Behavioral Change, and Prevention and specific Challenge Topic, 01-GM-102: Model organisms for social behavior studies. Songbirds offer unique untapped advantages for integrative analyses of the genetic, biochemical, physiological, and environmental components of social behavior. Songbirds have complex nervous systems and are proven models for health-related brain research. They form complex and diverse social groups, and populate most ecosystems world-wide. The genome of one songbird, the zebra finch, has now been sequenced by the NIH. There remain two main barriers to the use of songbirds to investigate mechanisms of social behavior. The overall goal of this proposal is to break down these barriers and open a path for future research using songbirds as models for social behavior. The zebra finch is a gregarious colonial species that has been domesticated and is common in labs (and homes) around the world. Wild zebra finches are difficult to study in their native habitat (Australia) but the domesticated zebra finch has proven to be an exceptional experimental model. There have been careful descriptions of sociality in wild zebra finches, and focused lab investigations on mate choice and song learning - yet a formal scientific profile of the social behavior of the domesticated zebra finch does not exist. Moreover, how individuals vary in their social behavior is unexamined. To leverage the genomic investment in the zebra, these knowledge gaps need to be filled. Aim 1 will address this first barrier by constructing an "ethogram" to describe the social behavior in a zebra finch aviary across multiple generations. Additional experiments will evaluate how stable individual variation ("personality") affects the response to an acute social challenge (song playback). Results from these studies will inform Year 2 experiments comparing socially-driven brain gene expression in different contexts and individuals. Aim 2 addresses a complementary challenge: songbird diversity offers rich opportunities to compare related species that differ in social behavior and to study accessible species in their native environments, but only zebra finch gene sequence information is currently available. To overcome this barrier and enable the application of genomic tools to comparative analyses of social behavior, brain transcriptomes will be assembled for three key species: the violet-eared waxbill - a close relative of the zebra finch; and the song and white-crowned sparrows - major foci for North American behavioral ecology. These songbirds, in combination with the zebra finch, represent pairs of related species that display striking contrasts in social behavior (levels of social aggression) and therefore have tremendous potential for development as avian models for genomic studies of social behavior. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Many of the most important challenges for public health require a better understanding of how social factors impinge on the biology of the individual, and how variations in individuals influence social organization and function. Probing these links requires appropriate model organisms. This research aims to exploit natural advantages of songbirds as models for social behavior, leveraging recent progress with songbird neurobiology and genomics.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请涉及广泛的挑战领域（01）行为、行为变化和预防以及特定的挑战主题，01-GM-102：社会行为研究的模式生物。鸣禽提供了独特的未开发的优势，为综合分析的遗传，生化，生理和环境组成部分的社会行为。鸣禽具有复杂的神经系统，是与健康相关的大脑研究的可靠模型。它们形成了复杂多样的社会群体，并居住在世界各地的大多数生态系统中。一种鸣禽斑胸草雀的基因组已经由美国国立卫生研究院测序。利用鸣禽来研究社会行为的机制仍然存在两个主要障碍。这项提案的总体目标是打破这些障碍，为未来使用鸣禽作为社会行为模型的研究开辟一条道路。斑胸草雀是一种群居的殖民物种，已经被驯化，在世界各地的实验室（和家庭）中很常见。野生斑胸草雀很难在它们的原生栖息地（澳大利亚）进行研究，但驯化的斑胸草雀已被证明是一个特殊的实验模型。人们对野生斑胸草雀的社会性进行了仔细的描述，并对配偶选择和歌曲学习进行了重点实验室调查-但对驯养斑胸草雀的社会行为的正式科学描述并不存在。此外，个体在社会行为上的差异也没有得到研究。为了利用斑马的基因组投资，需要填补这些知识空白。目标1将解决这第一个障碍，通过构建一个“行为谱”来描述多代斑胸草雀鸟舍中的社会行为。其他实验将评估稳定的个体差异（“个性”）如何影响对急性社会挑战（歌曲播放）的反应。这些研究的结果将为第二年的实验提供信息，这些实验将比较不同背景和个体中社会驱动的大脑基因表达。目标2解决了一个互补的挑战：鸣禽多样性提供了丰富的机会，比较相关的物种，不同的社会行为和研究可访问的物种在其原生环境中，但目前只有斑马雀基因序列信息。为了克服这一障碍，并使基因组工具的应用比较分析的社会行为，大脑转录组将组装三个关键物种：紫耳蜡嘴-斑马雀的近亲;和歌曲和白冠麻雀-北美行为生态学的主要焦点。这些鸣禽与斑胸草雀一起，代表了在社会行为（社会攻击水平）上表现出鲜明对比的成对相关物种，因此具有巨大的发展潜力，可作为社会行为基因组研究的鸟类模型。 公共卫生关系：公共卫生面临的许多最重要的挑战需要更好地了解社会因素如何影响个人的生物学，以及个人的差异如何影响社会组织和功能。探索这些联系需要适当的模式生物。这项研究旨在利用鸣禽作为社会行为模型的自然优势，利用鸣禽神经生物学和基因组学的最新进展。