Comparing Methods to Model Stability and Change in Personality and its Pathology

比较人格稳定性和变化及其病理学模型的方法

• 批准号: 7913643
• 负责人: Aidan Gregory Craver Wright
• 金额: $ 2.81万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7913643
• 关键词: Accounting; Arts; Behavior; Chronic; Classification; Conceptions; Consensus; Diagnosis; Disease; Epidemiology; Goals; Growth; Health Care Costs; Intervention; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Maintenance; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Narcissistic Personality Disorder; National Institute of Mental Health; Nature; Pathology; Personality; Personality Disorders; Persons; Public Health; Research; Risk; Sampling; Severities; Strategic Planning; Structure; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Variant; meetings; prospective; public health relevance; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Personality disorders (PD) are serious, debilitating, costly, and oftentimes fatal disorders that are highly prevalent in epidemiological samples (~10 percent, Lenzenweger, 2008). Despite the severity and high public health cost of PD, the field suffers from a lack of consensus on how to best quantify the relationship between normative personality and PD. This lack of consensus has led to problems in basic definitional issues of PD, including the structure, course, and risk/protective factors of the disorders. The criteria of most PD diagnoses include maladaptive interpersonal behaviors (e.g., Interpersonal Exploitativeness in Narcissistic PD). The interpersonal traits of Agency and Communion have been identified as potentially useful for developing a dimensional model of PD. Further, interpersonal conceptualizations of personality are highly useful for linking with PD due to their immediate implications for psychotherapeutic interventions. Additionally, emerging research has shown that PDs are not as chronic as once thought, showing considerable variability across time. The current research aims to meet the strategic planning goals of the National Institute of Mental Health by using state-of-the-art methodology to articulate emerging conceptions of PD that account for simultaneous change in interpersonal behavior and PD over time, and non-normality in the distribution of PD. Specifically, we propose using Latent Growth Curve Models and associated multivariate extensions to examine change and distribution of PD in a multi-wave prospective longitudinal study. This research shall test the hypotheses that 1) there is long-term within-person variability in interpersonal style across time; 2) within-person variations in interpersonal style are predictive of concurrent within-person variations in PD symptoms; and 3) advanced distributional assumptions (i.e., Zero Inflated Poisson/Negative Binomial) provide a better fit for models of the relationship between PD and normative personality structure. These methods have the potential to inform classification questions in ways that have not yet been employed in any longitudinal PD research to date. Results of the proposed study have implications for the ongoing efforts to establish the appropriate definition, diagnosis, and treatment of PD. The results will inform the best approach to conceptualize classification and assessment of PD. In addition, the longitudinal nature of these studies will identify the interpersonal maintenance factors of PD, and thereby determine the best targets for interventions. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Results of the proposed study have implications for the ongoing efforts to establish the appropriate definition, diagnosis, and treatment of personality disorders (PD). The results will inform the best approach to conceptualize classification and assessment of PD. In addition, the longitudinal nature of these studies will identify the interpersonal maintenance factors of PD, and thereby determine the best targets for interventions.

描述(由申请人提供)：人格障碍(PD)是一种严重的、使人衰弱的、代价高昂的、往往是致命的疾病，在流行病学样本中非常普遍(约10%，Lenzenweger，2008)。尽管帕金森病的严重性和高昂的公共卫生成本，但该领域在如何最好地量化规范人格和帕金森病之间的关系方面缺乏共识。这种共识的缺乏导致了帕金森病的基本定义问题，包括结构、病程和疾病的风险/保护因素。大多数帕金森病的诊断标准包括不适应的人际行为(例如，自恋型帕金森病的人际剥削性)。代理和交流的人际关系特征被认为是开发帕金森病的维度模型的潜在有用因素。此外，人格的人际概念化对于与帕金森病的联系是非常有用的，因为它们直接影响到心理治疗干预。此外，新出现的研究表明，PD并不像人们曾经认为的那样慢性，随着时间的推移表现出相当大的变异性。目前的研究旨在通过使用最先进的方法来阐明PD的新兴概念，以满足国家精神卫生研究所的战略规划目标，这些概念解释了随着时间的推移，人际行为和PD的同时变化，以及PD分布的非正态。具体地说，我们建议使用潜在增长曲线模型和相关的多变量扩展来检验多波前瞻性纵向研究中PD的变化和分布。这项研究将检验以下假设：1)人际风格随时间存在长期的人内差异；2)人际风格的人内差异预测帕金森氏症症状的人内差异；以及3)先进的分布假设(即，零膨胀泊松/负二项)提供了更适合于帕金森病和标准化人格结构之间关系的模型。这些方法有可能以迄今尚未在任何纵向PD研究中使用的方式通知分类问题。拟议的研究结果对正在进行的建立适当的帕金森病定义、诊断和治疗的努力具有重要意义。研究结果将为帕金森病的概念化分类和评估提供最佳途径。此外，这些研究的纵向性质将确定帕金森病的人际维持因素，从而确定最佳干预目标。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的研究结果对正在进行的建立人格障碍(PD)的适当定义、诊断和治疗的努力具有影响。研究结果将为帕金森病的概念化分类和评估提供最佳途径。此外，这些研究的纵向性质将确定帕金森病的人际维持因素，从而确定最佳干预目标。