POROUS POLYMER RODS AS CHROMATOGRAPHIC OR REACTIVE MEDIA

描述（由申请人提供）：本续提案旨在设计，制备和测试全新的毛细管和薄层格式整体柱，为生物活性分子的研究，分离，分离，检测和鉴定提供无与伦比的潜力，并能够充分利用生命科学研究的丰富潜力。新的整体柱和层将通过一个简单的自由基聚合过程来制备，该过程包括热和光化学。我们的主要目标之一是设计和开发适用于小分子分离的大孔整体柱，并使用牺牲支架方法在整个pH范围内保持稳定。另一个目标将涉及新型窄孔开管毛细管柱，其内壁覆盖一层薄的多孔整体聚合物。然后，毛细管整体柱的孔表面将直接用于高效分离，或通过UV引发的光接枝进行修饰，以结合各种高密度、定制的功能，包括疏水、电离和反应基团。这些毛细管柱将专门设计用于在纳米LC模式下实现非常高效的分离困难的蛋白质和肽混合物。最后，利用大孔聚合物薄层的薄层色谱新方法和相关方法将集中在新的极薄层上，用于生物大分子（如肽和蛋白质）的一维和二维分离，并使用MALDI-TOF ms直接检测。流动相将由毛细管力、压力和/或电渗透流驱动。为了在不需要低分子量基质的情况下实现中大分子的MALDI检测，本提案还针对薄层的开发，包括专门设计的具有增强生物样品解吸和电离功能的单体。这些单片将使用共聚和光接枝技术制备。在质谱仪中直接使用这些板将简化和加速蛋白质组学的研究。总的来说，我们的目标是扩展单片材料的应用，在新的应用中为它们提供增强的性能和意想不到的能力，并展示它们在各个领域的巨大潜力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This continuation proposal aims at the design, preparation, and testing of completely new monolithic columns in capillary and thin layer formats that will provide unmatched potential for the study, isolation, separation, detection, and identification of biologically active molecules and enable to fully exploit the rich potential of studies in the life sciences. The new monolithic columns and layers will be prepared via a simple free radical polymerization process initiated both thermally and photochemically. One of our main targets will be design and development of macroporous monolithic column suitable for the separation of small molecules and stable in the entire pH range using a sacrificial scaffold approach. Another target will involve novel narrow bore open tubular capillary columns with inner walls covered with a thin layer of porous monolithic polymer. The pore surface of the capillary monolithic columns will then be used directly for high efficiency separations, or modified through UV initiated photografting to incorporate a wide variety of high-density, tailor-made functionalities including hydrophobic, ionizable, and reactive groups. These capillary columns will be specifically designed to achieve the very high efficiency separations of difficult protein and peptide mixtures in nano LC mode. Finally, new approaches to thin layer chromatography and related methods making use of macroporous polymer thin layers will focus on new, extremely thin layers for the 1-D and 2-D separations of biomacromolecules such as peptides and proteins and their direct detection using MALDI-TOF MS. The mobile phase will be driven by capillary forces, pressure, and/or electroosmotic flow. In order to achieve MALDI detection of midsize and large molecules without the need for a low molecular weight matrix, this proposal also targets the development of thin layers including specifically designed monomers carrying functionalities enhancing desorption and ionization of biological samples. These monolithic plates will be prepared using both copolymerization and photografting techniques. Direct use of these plates in mass spectrometer will simplify and accelerate proteomic research. Overall, our targets are to extend the applications of monolithic materials providing them with both enhanced performance and unexpected capabilities in new applications and to demonstrate their vast potential in various areas. This proposed research focuses on the development of monolithic polymers that will serve as separation media, adsorbents, and supports providing real benefits to both the scientists who perform ever more demanding separations with ever smaller amounts of complex samples as well as the engineers who design advanced separation units. Our results can also be used for the engineering of new separation and detection devices suitable for separation of very complex samples such as proteomes, in biochemical assays, and in early diagnostics of diseases with direct impact on affordable health care.