Interdisciplinary Research Training in Reproduction for Indian Fellows

为印度研究员提供跨学科生殖研究培训

• 批准号: 7800417
• 负责人: JOHN C HERR
• 金额: $ 19.75万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-09-30 至 2012-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7800417
• 关键词: Acrosome Reaction; Antigens; Appointment; Arts; Autoimmunity; Binding Sites; Bioethics; Biometry; Circadian Rhythms; Clinical; Clinical Investigator; Collaborations; Communication; Contraceptive Agents; Contraceptive Vaccines; Contraceptive methods; Development; Diagnostic; Doctor of Philosophy; Environment; Epididymis; Faculty; Fostering; Genetic Transcription; India; Infertility; Institution; Instruction; Interdisciplinary Study; International Cooperation; Internist; Ion Channel; Knowledge; Ligand Binding; Link; Male Contraceptive Agents; Membrane; Mentors; Molecular; Molecular Analysis; Molecular and Cellular Biology; Neurosecretory Systems; Nuclear; Oogenesis; Organic Synthesis; Pathway interactions; Pharmacology; Physicians; Physiology; Positioning Attribute; Pregnancy; Proteins; Recombinants; Reproduction; Reproductive Process; Request for Applications; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Science; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Sperm Capacitation; Sperm Maturation; Spermatocidal Agents; Spermatogenesis; Technology; Testing; Testis; Training; Training Programs; Urologist; Visit; Writing; X-Ray Crystallography; base; biomedical scientist; candidate identification; career; college; contraceptive target; design; drug discovery; egg; experience; improved; inhibitor/antagonist; mathematical model; medical schools; meetings; novel; professor; programs; receptor; reproductive; skills; small molecule; sperm cell; structural genomics; symposium; tool; transcription factor

This competing continuation application requests support to train three PhD scientists or post-resident physicians [MD or PhD/MD], holding positions at two partner institutions in India, for investigative careers in reproductive research. Emphasis will be placed on training in cell and molecular biology of reproduction with translational components aimed at infertility and the discovery of new leads for contraceptives. The global need for new options in contraception is highlighted by the fact that one in every two pregnancies is unwanted. Deployment of known contraceptives as well as advancement of new contraceptive options is a highest priority. This training program develops biomedical scientists who can meet the challenges of contraceptive discovery by equipping them with the tools to investigate the fundamental mechanisms governing reproductive processes, to recognize the opportunities afforded by such basic knowledge for identification of candidate contraceptive pathways and target molecules, and to test novel contraceptive strategies. Research and didactic experiences are tailored to accommodate trainees from diverse professional and academic backgrounds. Supplemental instruction is offered including courses in biostatistics, English for scientific purposes to improve writing and communication skills, recombinant DMA technology, structural genomics, pharmacology, bioethics, and drug discovery, design, synthesis, and selection. Interdisciplinary research training is achieved through interactions with preceptors who hold appointments in basic and clinical departments, through programs that evaluate leads and establish proof of principle of contraceptive action, and through collaboration with industrial advisors. All mentors hold faculty appointments in the School of Medicine or the College of Arts and Sciences and direct at least one active research grant. The institutional environment fosters interaction and exchange through a rich mix of seminars, visiting professors, conferences, and specialized research cores. The broad basic themes of faculty research programs include: the molecular analysis of sperm-egg fusion, signal transduction mechanisms between membrane receptors, sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction, protein transcription, nuclear transcription factors, molecular physiology of ion channels, neuroendocrine control of mechanisms in reproduction, molecular control of spermatogenesis and oogenesis, autoimmunity to sperm antigens; sperm maturation in the epididymis, and circadian rhythms. Translational aims are fostered by faculty expertise in X-ray crystallography of reproductive proteins, mathematical modeling of ligand binding sites and organic synthesis of new small molecule inhibitors and the testing of their contraceptive action. Applied themes of this research include the development of male contraceptives targeted to transcription factors acting in the testis and epididymis, spermicides, infertility diagnostics, and contraceptive vaccines based on sperm and egg antigens. Continued training of basic scientists as well as internists, urologists, and obstetricians in cellular and molecular approaches to reproductive processes is consistent with the tradition and commitment to foster a close link between basic and clinical investigators at US institutions and their counterparts in India and to facilitate international cooperation and understanding.

这项相互竞争的延续申请请求支持培训三名博士科学家或住院医师 医生[医学博士或博士/医学博士]，在印度的两个合作机构担任职位，从事调查职业 生殖研究。重点将放在生殖的细胞和分子生物学方面的培训 针对不孕不育和发现新的避孕药物线索的翻译成分。《环球报》 每两个怀孕中就有一个怀孕的事实突显了避孕新选择的必要性 不受欢迎。部署已知的避孕药具以及推进新的避孕药具选择是一个 最高优先级。这一培训计划培养的生物医学科学家能够应对 通过为他们配备研究基本机制的工具来发现避孕 管理生殖过程，认识到这些基本知识为 确定候选避孕途径和靶分子，并测试新型避孕药 战略。研究和教学体验是量身定做的，以适应来自不同国家的学员 专业和学术背景。提供补充指导，包括课程 生物统计学，提高写作和交流技能的科学英语，重组DMA 技术、结构基因组学、药理学、生物伦理学，以及药物发现、设计、合成和 选择。跨学科研究培训是通过与持有 通过评估线索并确定证据的计划，在基础和临床科室进行预约 避孕行动原则，并通过与工业顾问的合作。所有导师都拥有教职员工 在医学院或文理学院的任命，并指导至少一名活跃的 研究经费。制度环境通过丰富的组合促进互动和交流 研讨会、客座教授、会议和专业研究中心。的广泛的基本主题 学院研究项目包括：精子-卵子融合的分子分析，信号转导 膜受体、精子获能与顶体反应、蛋白质的作用机制 转录，核转录因子，离子通道的分子生理学，神经内分泌调控 生殖机制，精子发生和卵子发生的分子控制，对精子的自身免疫 抗原；精子在附睾中的成熟，以及昼夜节律。翻译目标是由 在生殖蛋白的X射线结晶学、配基结合的数学模型方面的专业知识 新的小分子抑制剂的位置和有机合成及其避孕作用的测试。 这项研究的应用主题包括针对转录的男性避孕药的开发 作用于睾丸和附睾的因素、杀精剂、不育症诊断和避孕疫苗 基于精子和卵子抗原。继续培训基础科学家以及内科医生、泌尿科医生、 和产科医生对生殖过程的细胞和分子方法是一致的 传统和承诺促进美国机构基础和临床研究人员之间的密切联系 以及它们在印度的对应机构，并促进国际合作和理解。

项目成果

Human sperm proteome: immunodominant sperm surface antigens identified with sera from infertile men and women.

人类精子蛋白质组：用不育男性和女性的血清鉴定的免疫显性精子表面抗原。

• DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod61.1.61
• 发表时间: 1999
• 期刊: Biology of reproduction
• 影响因子: 3.6
• 作者: Shetty,J;Naaby-Hansen,S;Shibahara,H;Bronson,R;Flickinger,CJ;Herr,JC
• 通讯作者: Herr,JC

Confocal fluorescence microscopy in a murine model of microdissection testicular sperm extraction to improve sperm retrieval.

共聚焦荧光显微镜在小鼠睾丸精子提取显微解剖模型中的应用，以改善精子检索。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.12.053
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: The Journal of urology
• 作者: Smith,RyanP;Lowe,GregJ;Kavoussi,ParvizK;Steers,WilliamD;Costabile,RaymondA;Herr,JohnC;Shetty,Jagathpala;Lysiak,JeffreyJ
• 通讯作者: Lysiak,JeffreyJ