Tissue Engineering Strategies: Effects on Valvular Interstitial Cell Metabolism

组织工程策略：对瓣膜间质细胞代谢的影响

• 批准号: 8113636
• 负责人: KATHRYN JANE GRANDE-ALLEN
• 金额: $ 7.63万
• 依托单位: RICE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-01 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8113636
• 关键词: Address; Adhesions; Adult; Affect; American; Anabolism; Anisotropy; Behavior; Biology; Biomedical Engineering; Blood Vessels; Cardiac; Cardiovascular system; Cell Communication; Cell Culture Techniques; Cells; Cellular biology; Characteristics; Chemical Stimulation; Complement; Congenital Abnormality; Data; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diffusion; Dilatation - action; Disease; Disease Progression; Doctor of Philosophy; Engineering; Environment; Explosion; Extracellular Matrix; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Fatty Acids; Feasibility Studies; Frequencies; Future; Gene Expression; Glucose; Glycolysis; Glycosaminoglycans; Goals; Heart Valve Diseases; Heart Valves; Hospitalization; Hyaluronan; Hypoxia; In Vitro; Incidence; Infection; Injury; Investigation; Knowledge; Measures; Mechanical Stimulation; Mechanics; Mediating; Medical; Metabolic; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolism; Methods; Microarray Analysis; Myocardium; Obesity; Operative Surgical Procedures; Oxygen; Oxygen Consumption; Pattern; Perfusion; Phenotype; Prevention; Principal Investigator; Process; Production; Proteins; Publications; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Role; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Smooth Muscle Myocytes; Staging; Stimulus; Stress; Stretching; Testing; Therapeutic; Tissue Engineering; Tissues; Translating; Work; aortic valve disorder; base; cell type; cytokine; effective therapy; emergency service responder; fatty acid metabolism; fatty acid oxidation; flexibility; in vivo; infancy; interstitial cell; metabolic abnormality assessment; novel; nutrient metabolism; oxidation; public health relevance; repaired; response; stressor; success; sugar; tissue support frame; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): PROJECT SUMMARY Principal Investigator: Kathryn Jane Grande-Allen, Ph.D. Heart valve disease mandates hospitalization for almost 100,000 Americans every year. Although some of the initial causes of valve disease are well recognized, the intermediate cell-mediated disease mechanisms are largely unknown. The only effective treatment for most valve diseases is surgical repair or replacement; there are no medical or therapeutic treatments for the prevention or amelioration of valve disease. The drive to dissect potential disease mechanisms and develop new medical therapies has invigorated research in valve biology. This field is in its infancy, but has nonetheless has witnessed many recent findings about contractile, synthetic, cell communication, adhesion, and signaling characteristics of valvular interstitial cells (VICs), especially as they relate to the tissue engineering of valves and the development of calcific aortic valve disease. Nonetheless, there has been scant investigation into the metabolism of valve cells. Although recent publications have addressed how oxygen diffusion and perfusion affects valve cells and tissue engineered valves, the topic of valvular cell metabolism remains largely unaddressed. Cells within normal adult valves maintain quiescence (even within such a mechanically active tissue), but show the capacity to become activated and alter their phenotype/behavior in response to various injury or disease conditions. This activation process is quite poorly characterized, leading to several questions about the fundamental metabolic rates of VICs under these quiescent and activated conditions. It is also unknown how this metabolic rate is influenced by the environment of the cell, meaning its pericellular matrix and level of mechanical or chemical stimulation. These issues are very important given the use of exogenous stimuli in the development of tissue engineered valves, and the roles of these factors in valve remodeling and disease progression. Indeed, metabolism is recognized as the first responder to environmental stresses for most cell types. To address these questions, this research proposes to determine the fundamental metabolic rates of VICs (Aim 1). The following 2 aims will examine the effect of cytokine and hypoxic stimulation (Aim 2) and mechanical stretch (Aim 3) on metabolic rates and metabolic gene expression by VICs. This research is significant because it will provide new and fundamental information about the metabolic rates of VICs under basal and stressed culture conditions, and will establish an important new direction in the field of valve cell biology. The resulting data will complement the work of other investigators examining oxygen consumption of VICs and valve leaflets, and will guide scientists and engineers developing tissue engineered valves. This work will also promote new avenues for valve disease research, since the valve cell responses (enabled by metabolism) likely contribute to disease progression, whether the initial cause was cardiac dilatation, infection, or a congenital malformation. Information about fatty acid metabolism would be relevant to the early stages of calcific aortic valve disease, since there is a growing incidence of this condition in the setting of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Public Health Relevance Principal Investigator: Kathryn Jane Grande-Allen, Ph.D. Heart valve disease leads to hospitalization for almost 100,000 Americans every year, but the causes of heart valve disease are a mystery, especially because much of the behavior of heart valve cells has never been previously studied. This research will study the metabolism of heart valve cells, meaning how they use sugars, fatty acids, and lactate to create fuel for their activities such as migrating and making new proteins. This research will also examine how several conditions that are used to create tissue engineered heart valves affect this metabolism. This research is also relevant due to the growing incidence of aortic valve disease in the setting of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.

描述（由申请人提供）： 项目总结主要研究者：Kathryn Jane Grande-Allen，Ph.D.心脏瓣膜疾病每年迫使近10万美国人住院治疗。虽然一些瓣膜疾病的最初原因是公认的，中间细胞介导的疾病机制在很大程度上是未知的。大多数瓣膜疾病的唯一有效治疗方法是手术修复或置换;没有预防或改善瓣膜疾病的药物或治疗方法。剖析潜在疾病机制和开发新的医学疗法的驱动力已经加速了瓣膜生物学的研究。该领域处于起步阶段，但已经见证了许多关于瓣膜间质细胞（VIC）的收缩、合成、细胞通讯、粘附和信号传导特征的最新发现，特别是当它们涉及瓣膜的组织工程和钙化主动脉瓣疾病的发展时。然而，对瓣膜细胞的代谢研究很少。尽管最近的出版物已经解决了氧扩散和灌注如何影响瓣膜细胞和组织工程瓣膜，但瓣膜细胞代谢的主题在很大程度上仍未解决。正常成人瓣膜内的细胞保持静止（即使在这样的机械活性组织内），但显示出响应于各种损伤或疾病状况而被激活并改变其表型/行为的能力。这个激活过程是相当差的特点，导致几个问题的基本代谢率的VIC在这些静态和激活条件下。也不知道这种代谢率如何受到细胞环境的影响，这意味着它的细胞周围基质和机械或化学刺激的水平。鉴于在组织工程瓣膜的开发中使用外源性刺激，以及这些因素在瓣膜重塑和疾病进展中的作用，这些问题非常重要。事实上，代谢被认为是大多数细胞类型对环境压力的第一反应者。为了解决这些问题，本研究提出确定VIC的基本代谢率（目标1）。以下2个目标将检查细胞因子和缺氧刺激（目标2）和机械拉伸（目标3）对VIC代谢率和代谢基因表达的影响。这项研究意义重大，因为它将提供有关VIC在基础和应激培养条件下代谢率的新的基本信息，并将在瓣膜细胞生物学领域建立一个重要的新方向。由此产生的数据将补充其他研究人员的工作，检查VIC和瓣膜小叶的耗氧量，并将指导科学家和工程师开发组织工程瓣膜。这项工作还将促进瓣膜疾病研究的新途径，因为瓣膜细胞反应（由代谢实现）可能有助于疾病进展，无论最初的原因是心脏扩张，感染还是先天性畸形。关于脂肪酸代谢的信息与钙化性主动脉瓣疾病的早期阶段相关，因为在肥胖、糖尿病和代谢综合征的背景下，这种疾病的发病率越来越高。 公共卫生关系： 公共卫生相关性首席研究员：Kathryn Jane Grande-Allen博士心脏瓣膜疾病每年导致近10万美国人住院治疗，但心脏瓣膜疾病的原因是一个谜，特别是因为心脏瓣膜细胞的许多行为以前从未被研究过。这项研究将研究心脏瓣膜细胞的代谢，这意味着它们如何使用糖，脂肪酸和乳酸来为它们的活动（如迁移和制造新蛋白质）创造燃料。这项研究还将研究用于创建组织工程心脏瓣膜的几种条件如何影响这种代谢。由于肥胖、糖尿病和代谢综合征患者的主动脉瓣疾病发病率不断增加，因此该研究也具有相关性。