The Role of Depression in the development of Alcohol Problems Among Adolescents

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请提交给NIAAA，以响应项目公告08-167现有酒精流行病学数据的二次分析，该数据旨在支持“更充分利用现有数据集的研究，以增加我们对人群中酒精相关问题和疾病的发生率，患病率和病因的理解，以及与之相关的风险和保护因素。”本研究将探讨抑郁症状是否以及如何与行为问题、发育过程和社会环境风险因素相结合，影响青少年问题性酒精使用的发展。发展路径项目（DPP）是一项以社区为基础的纵向研究，旨在了解抑郁症和共病行为问题在整个青少年时期的发展轨迹。DPP构成了一个种族多样化的样本，521名男孩和女孩被招募为城市学区的六年级学生（11-12岁）。这些样本被跟踪了六年，一直到17-18岁。研究样本最初是根据精神病理风险状况分层的，有抑郁和行为问题的青少年被过度抽样。自成立以来，民进党一直在收集有关酒精和其他药物使用的广泛数据，并在12年级（17-18岁）评估时确定12个月的酒精滥用和依赖诊断。在我们的第一个目标中，我们将比较实证模型，将抑郁症和行为问题作为单独的主要影响，作为相互作用，并且仅通过共同的前因由与酒精使用相关，探索整体增长，严重程度，持久性和时间敏感性影响。目标2将通过纳入可能调解、缓和和直接影响酒精问题发展风险的发展过程和社会背景因素，建立一个更全面的酒精问题模型。第三个目标侧重于抑郁和行为问题的作用，因为它们与早期开始和从使用到问题使用的过渡有关。结果将直接影响进一步完善和加强预防和干预方法，以加强其在减少青少年酒精参与和问题方面的有效性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is submitted to NIAAA in response to Program Announcement 08-167 Secondary Analysis of Existing Alcohol Epidemiological Data which was created to support "studies that more fully utilize currently available data sets to increase our understanding of the incidence, prevalence and etiology of alcohol related problems and disorders in the population, as well as the risk and protective factors associated with them." This study will address the question of whether and how depressive symptoms, in isolation and in combination with conduct problems, developmental processes, and social contextual risk factors, influence the development of problematic alcohol use in adolescence. The Developmental Pathways Project (DPP) is a community-based longitudinal study that aims to understand developmental trajectories for depression, and comorbid conduct problems, across the adolescent period. DPP constitutes a racially diverse sample of 521 boys and girls who were recruited as sixth graders (age 11-12) from an urban school district. The sample has been followed over the course of six years, to age 17-18. The study sample was originally stratified on psychopathology risk status, and adolescents with depressive and conduct problems were oversampled. DPP has been collecting extensive data on alcohol and other drug use since its inception and is also determining 12-month diagnoses of Alcohol Abuse and Dependence at the 12th grade (17-18 year-old) assessment. In our first aim, we will compare empirical models examining depression and conduct problems as separate main effects, as interactive, and as related to alcohol use only by virtue of common antecedents, exploring overall growth, severity, persistence, and time-sensitive effects. Aim 2 will build up a more comprehensive model of alcohol problems by incorporating developmental processes and social-contextual factors that may mediate, moderate, and have direct effects on risk for the development of alcohol problems. The third aim focuses on the role of depression and conduct problems as they relate to early initiation and transition from use to problem use. Results will have direct implications for further refining and enhancing prevention and intervention approaches to bolster their effectiveness in reducing alcohol involvement and problems among youth. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The consumption of alcohol by underage youth in America constitutes a public health problem with serious social, economic, and personal costs. The results of the proposed study will inform the expansion of effective prevention and treatment strategies for alcohol-related problems in adolescence. This research is responsive to NIAAA's Underage Drinking Research Initiative, as well as the Surgeon General's Call to Action to Prevent and Reduce Underage Drinking.