LINGUISTIC AND SOCIAL RESPONSES TO SPEECH IN INFANTS AT RISK FOR AUTISM

有自闭症风险的婴儿对言语的语言和社会反应

• 批准号: 8326761
• 负责人: PATRICIA K KUHL
• 金额: $ 30.17万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8326761
• 关键词: 2 year old; Address; Age; Age-Months; Auditory; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Characteristics; Child; Code; Development; Developmental Delay Disorders; Diagnosis; Discrimination; Early identification; Early treatment; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Event; Goals; Growth; Impairment; Individual; Infant; Knowledge; Laboratories; Language; Language Delays; Language Development; Lead; Linguistics; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Mothers; Neurosciences; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Pattern; Phonetics; Play; Process; Production; Research; Risk; Sampling; Severities; Siblings; Speech; Speech Development; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Stimulus; Symptoms; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Vocabulary; autism spectrum disorder; base; comparison group; genetic risk factor; indexing; infancy; language perception; neural circuit; preference; prevent; response; sex; social; social communication; standardize measure; theories; tool; vocalization

The overall UW ACE proposal is centered on a comprehensive developmental model of risk, risk processes, symptom emergence, and adaptation in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). According to this model, early autism risk factors (genetic/familial and environmental) lead to risk processes, namely altered patterns of interaction between the child and his/her environment, which contribute to the abnormal development of neural circuitry and atypical behaviors. Project III has two broad goals: in a study of infant siblings of children with autism, we will (1) determine the predictive validity of measures of early prelinguistic abilities as risk indices for language impairment and ASD, and (2) examine the influence of early intervention on the development of speech perception, speech preferences, and acquisition of speech in infants at risk for ASD. Our studies of early speech perception have demonstrated predictive relationships between the proposed measures of basic language perception/production and later measures of language and vocabulary in typically developing (TD) infants. In addition, our studies of preschool age children found critical differences in measures of phonetic discrimination and social communication between children with ASD and children with typical development and developmental delay. Based on converging lines of research with TD children and children with ASD, the proposed measures of speech production and linguistic and social responsiveness to speech are hypothesized to be extremely sensitive to the degree of risk for autism. This project directly addresses goals outlined in the NIH Autism Research Matrix: (1) Identification of the biological and/or behavioral risk indices in infancy for the development of autism and autism-related symptoms, such as language and social impairments; (2) identification of individual characteristics that predict response to behavioral treatment; and (3) provision of evidence that cases of autism might be secondarily prevented through early identification and early treatment. It will also impact theories of speech and language development, and general theories of developmental neuroscience. The methods available to this laboratory, and the set of questions posed to examine infant speech development, form a broad and very powerful set of tools to advance our knowledge in these fields.

整个UW ACE提案以风险的综合发展模型为中心， 自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的过程，症状出现和适应。根据该 模型，早期自闭症风险因素（遗传/家庭和环境）导致风险过程，即改变 孩子与他/她的环境之间的互动模式，这会导致异常 神经回路和非典型行为的发展。项目III有两大目标： 自闭症儿童的兄弟姐妹，我们将（1）确定早期语言前的措施的预测有效性 能力作为语言障碍和ASD的风险指标，以及（2）检查早期干预的影响 关于高危婴儿的言语知觉、言语偏好和言语习得的发展 自闭症我们对早期言语知觉的研究表明， 建议的基本语言感知/产生的措施和后来的语言和 典型发育（TD）婴儿的词汇量。此外，我们对学龄前儿童的研究发现， 在语音辨别和社会交往的措施之间的关键差异儿童与 ASD与典型发育和发育迟缓儿童。基于研究的趋同路线 与TD儿童和ASD儿童，提出的措施，语音生产和语言， 对言语的社会反应被假设为对自闭症的风险程度极其敏感。 该项目直接涉及NIH自闭症研究矩阵中概述的目标：（1）识别自闭症患者， 生物和/或行为风险指数在婴儿期的自闭症和自闭症相关的发展 症状，如语言和社会障碍;（2）识别个人特征， 预测对行为治疗的反应;（3）提供自闭症病例可能是 二是通过早发现、早治疗来预防。它也将影响 言语和语言发展，以及发展神经科学的一般理论。的方法 本实验室现有的一系列问题，以及为检查婴儿语言发展而提出的一系列问题，形成了一个 广泛而强大的工具集，以促进我们在这些领域的知识。