Reducing Cancer Risk by Training Response Inhibition to Obesogenic Foods

通过训练抑制致肥胖食物的反应来降低癌症风险

基本信息

批准号：
8958614
负责人：
Evan M Forman
金额：
$ 19.24万
依托单位：
DREXEL UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-07-06 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8958614
关键词：
Address Adherence Affect Alcoholic Beverages American American Cancer Society Attitude Behavior Behavior Therapy Body Weight decreased Cellular Phone Chocolate Computers Consumption Cues Decision Making Diet E-learning Eating Ecological momentary assessment Effectiveness Energy Intake Equilibrium Fatty acid glycerol esters Food Goals Health Home environment Hour Individual Informal Social Control Institutes Intake Intervention Life Style Malignant Neoplasms Measures Mediating Methods Motion Neurocognitive Nutrient Obesity Overweight Participant Population Process Randomized Recommendation Recruitment Activity Rewards Risk Risk Factors Solid Stimulus Testing Theoretical model Time Training Training Programs Uncertainty Weight Weight Gain Work anticancer research base boys cancer risk cognitive training design follow-up food consumption hedonic improved indexing innovation public health relevance response secondary outcome skills skills training sugar trait

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dietary choices, and in particular, excess calorie intake leading to obesity, are strong, but reversible risk factors for cancer. For example, foods high in solid fats and added sugars (SoFaS) are low-nutrient, high calorie foods that increase the risk of cancer by promoting weight gain. As such, the reduction of SoFaS is consistent with American Institute for Cancer Research and the American Cancer Society dietary recommendations. Behavioral interventions to alter diet have limited long-term efficacy, most likely because eating decisions are governed by automatic neurocognitive processes that are not addressed in conventional interventions. In particular, the ability to refrain from consuming unhealthy, but widely available, palatable foods, is increasingly understood to depend on inhibitory control, i.e., the ability to cut off action tendencies that are put in motion by innate drives towards rewarding behaviors. Recent work by our team and others have demonstrated that computer-based inhibitory control trainings result in short-term, specific changes in behavior, such as reducing intake of salty snack food, chocolate, and alcoholic beverages. An automatized, home computer-based inhibitory control training offers the potential of an inexpensive and highly disseminable method of lowering cancer risk across wide swaths of the population. As such, we aim to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, mechanism of action, effectiveness and persistence of a home computer-based inhibitory control training. In particular, we hypothesize that a high-repetition training in inhibitory control will result in increased adherence to a low-SoFaS diet, and that effects will be mediated through improved inhibitory control. We further hypothesize the training will be most effective for those starting of with impaired inhibitory control, as well as those with strongest desire for palatable foods and those with strongest explicit health goals. Lastly, we aim to examine the impact of inhibitory control training on secondary outcomes, including on overall caloric intake, and on short-term weight loss. To achieve these aims, the proposed study will recruit 150 overweight and obese individuals who currently eat high-SoFaS diets, and who wish to improve their diets. Participants will be assigned a reduced-SoFaS diet for 12 weeks. After a baseline period, participants will be randomized to receive 6 weeks of either inhibitory control training or a sham training. The 6-week intervention will consist of 15 minutes per day of home computer- based inhibitory control training, and will be followed by a 2-week booster and then 2-week follow-up period. Dietary adherence will be measured via a customized smartphone app that will prompt repeated recording of targeted food consumption (i.e., ecological momentary assessment; EMA) and via automated 24-hour food recall. Neurocognitive variables will be assessed pre and post-training in order to test trainings' mechanism of action, and moderation will be assessed through baseline trait measures of explicit health goals, implicit attitudes towards appetitive stimuli, boy mass index, and responsivity to food cues.

描述（由适用提供）：饮食选择，尤其是超过卡路里摄入量导致肥胖症的摄入量，是强大但可逆的癌症风险因素。例如，固体脂肪和添加糖（沙发）中高的食物是低营养的高热量食品，可通过促进体重增加来增加患癌症的风险。因此，沙发的减少与美国癌症研究所和美国癌症协会的饮食建议一致。改变饮食的行为干预措施的长期效率有限，这很可能是因为饮食决策受自动神经认知过程的控制，这些过程在常规干预措施中未解决。特别是，避免消耗不健康但可口的食物的能力越来越了解依赖抑制性控制的能力，即切断先天性动作的行动趋势的能力朝着奖励行为开车。我们的团队和其他人最近的工作表明，基于计算机的抑制性控制训练会导致短期，特定的行为变化，例如减少咸零食食品，巧克力和酒精行为的摄入量。一种自动化的基于计算机的自动抑制控制训练提供了一种廉价且高度可忽视的方法，可降低各个人群的癌症风险。因此，我们旨在评估基于家用计算机的抑制性控制训练的可行性，可接受性，作用机制，有效性和持久性。特别是，我们假设在抑制性控制方面进行的高复兴训练将导致对低粉饮食的依从性增加，并且这种影响将通过改善的抑制性控制来介导。我们进一步假设培训对于那些从抑制性控制受损的人以及对可口食品和具有强大明确健康目标的人渴望的人来说，培训将是最有效的。最后，我们旨在研究抑制性控制训练对次要结果的影响，包括对整体热量摄入和短期体重减轻。为了实现这些目标，拟议的研究将招募150个超重和肥胖的人，他们目前要吃高苏联饮食，并希望改善饮食。参与者将被分配减少sofas饮食12周。基准期之后，参与者将被随机接受6周的抑制性控制训练或假训练。这项为期6周的干预措施将包括每天15分钟的基于计算机的抑制控制训练，然后进行为期2周的助推器，然后是2周的随访期。饮食依从性将通过定制的智能手机应用程序来衡量，该应用将促使对目标食品消费（即生态时刻评估; EMA）和自动24小时食物回忆起重复记录。为了测试培训的作用机制，将评估神经认知变量，并通过明确的健康目标的基线特征测量，对食欲群，男孩质量指数和对食品提示的反应来评估节制。