HIV Education for African American Men

针对非裔美国男性的艾滋病毒教育

• 批准号: 9255385
• 负责人: Samantha L. Leaf
• 金额: $ 58.82万
• 依托单位: ISA ASSOCIATES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9255385
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Address; African American; Attention; Attitude; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Belief; Benchmarking; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Client; Clinic; Computers; Consultations; Decision Making; Development; Diagnosis; Education; Effectiveness; Esthesia; FDA approved; Failure; Female; Female Condoms; Future; Gender; Gender Role; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health; Heterosexuality; Heterosexuals; Hour; Incidence; Individual; Inequality; Interruption; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Lubricants; Male Condoms; Manufacturer Name; Marketing; Masculine; Mediation; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; Nature; Participant; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Pregnancy; Prevention program; Preventive; Preventive Intervention; Program Effectiveness; Public Health; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Reduction Behavior; Sexual Partners; Sexual Transmission; Surveys; Test Result; Testing; Time; Training; Training and Education; Translating; United States National Institutes of Health; Unsafe Sex; Woman; Women' s Health; base; condoms; field study; health disparity; male; men; peer; pleasure; prevent; programs; prototype; research study; response; sex; sex risk; sexual HIV transmission; sexual relationship; skills; therapy design; transmission process; uptake

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT One in 16 Black men will be diagnosed with HIV in his lifetime as compared to 1 in 102 White men. Nearly 15% of these new HIV cases among African American men are due to heterosexual transmission. Despite this, Black men who have sex with women (MSW) have received very little empirical attention. This is a missed public health opportunity. First, Black men do not routinely use condoms, one of the most effective ways to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV, indicating the potential for substantial behavioral impact. And second, 80% of new HIV infections in African American women are due to sex with men. The intra-racial nature of sexual networks suggests most of these women are infected by Black men. Thus, reducing HIV incidence among Black men should concomitantly reduce HIV disparities among African American women. The female condom (FC) is an alternative HIV protection method that may overcome a key barrier to male condom use: reduced sexual pleasure. Research shows that Black women respond well to FC education, but gender norms may impede their efforts to introduce FCs to male partners. One way to overcome this is to provide FC training directly to men. Indeed, preliminary research has shown that men report fewer unprotected sex partners after receiving both female and male condom training. In addition, men endorse several benefits to FC use, including that they provide greater sexual sensation than male condoms. To harness the potential of FCs for Black MSW, we intend to develop Focus, a computer-based HIV behavioral intervention for heterosexually active African American men that provides training in male and female condom use. Focus will computer-enable the core components of Focus on the Future (FOF), the only best-evidence HIV behavioral intervention for Black MSW. The one-hour FOF session addresses the correct and consistent use of male condoms and lubricants, condom negotiation, and the importance of protecting one's future. FOF's main message is that there are many types of condoms and lubricants and men should experiment to find the ones that make sex feel best. By providing FCs as an additional option, Focus aims to lessen the impact of a major barrier to condom uptake: reduced sexual pleasure. Another barrier to Black MSW's HIV risk reduction behavior is belief in a traditional masculine ideology. Black men who espouse these views are more likely to engage in sexual risk behavior. To counteract this, Focus will provide methods to reframe potentially dangerous masculine beliefs into healthier sexual and relationship behaviors. The results of Phase I strongly support the feasibility and potential effectiveness of Focus, far exceeding the established benchmarks. In Phase II, we will complete development of Focus and test its effectiveness in a randomized controlled trial with 120 African American MSW. Participants will be randomly assigned to either receive the Focus program or the attention control materials. Before, and at two points after random assignment, condom use behaviors as well as condom skills, attitudes, and partner negotiation will be assessed.

项目摘要/摘要 每16名黑人男性中就有1人在有生之年被诊断出感染艾滋病毒，相比之下，每102名白人男性中就有1人被诊断出感染艾滋病毒。差一点 在这些非洲裔美国男性中新增的艾滋病毒病例中，有15%是由于异性传播。尽管如此， 与女性发生性关系的黑人男性(MSW)几乎没有得到经验上的关注。这是一张遗失的照片 公共卫生机会。首先，黑人男性不经常使用避孕套，这是最有效的方式之一 防止艾滋病毒的性传播，这表明有可能对行为产生重大影响。第二， 非裔美国女性新感染艾滋病毒的80%是由于与男性发生性行为。种族间的本质 性网络表明，这些女性中的大多数都是黑人男性感染的。因此，减少艾滋病毒的发病率 在黑人男性中，艾滋病毒应同时减少非裔美国妇女中艾滋病毒的差距。 女用避孕套(FC)是一种替代的艾滋病毒保护方法，可能会克服男性的一个关键障碍 避孕套使用：性快感降低。研究表明，黑人女性对FC教育反应良好，但 性别规范可能会阻碍她们向男性伴侣介绍功能界别的努力。克服这一问题的一种方法是 直接为男性提供FC培训。事实上，初步研究表明，男性报告的人数较少 在接受女性和男性避孕套培训后，无保护措施的性伴侣。此外，男性还会代言 使用FC有几个好处，包括它们比男性避孕套提供更大的性感觉。 为了利用FCS对黑色MSW的潜力，我们打算开发Focus，一种基于计算机的艾滋病毒 对异性活跃的非裔美国男性进行行为干预，为男性和 使用女用避孕套。Focus将启用Focus on the Future(FOF)的核心组件，这是唯一的 黑人城市生活垃圾艾滋病行为干预的最佳证据。一小时的FOF会议解决了正确的 以及男用避孕套和润滑剂的一致使用，避孕套的协商，以及防护的重要性 一个人的未来。FOF的主要信息是，避孕套和润滑剂有很多种，男性应该 尝试找出那些让性爱感觉最好的。通过提供功能界别作为另一种选择，Focus旨在 减少避孕套使用的一个主要障碍的影响：性快感降低。黑色的另一个障碍 MSW的艾滋病毒风险降低行为是对传统男性意识形态的信仰。拥护这些的黑人男性 观点更有可能从事有性风险的行为。为了应对这种情况，Focus将提供以下方法 将潜在危险的男性信念重新定义为更健康的性行为和关系行为。 第一阶段的结果有力地支持了Focus的可行性和潜在的有效性，远远超过 已建立的基准。在第二阶段，我们将完成Focus的开发，并在 120名非洲裔美国人城市生活垃圾的随机对照试验。参与者将被随机分配到 接收焦点节目或注意力控制材料。之前和之后的两个点随机 将评估任务分配、避孕套使用行为以及避孕套技能、态度和伴侣谈判。