Mechanical regulation of cytoskeleton guides beta-catenin effect on MSC fate

细胞骨架的机械调节引导β-连环蛋白对MSC命运的影响

• 批准号: 9042946
• 负责人: Janet E Rubin
• 金额: $ 33.44万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2020-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9042946
• 关键词: Actins; Adhesions; Adipocytes; Adipose tissue; Adult; Bone Formation Stimulation; Bone Marrow; Cell Lineage; Cell Nucleus; Cells; Cytoskeletal Modeling; Cytoskeleton; Data; Exercise; F-Actin; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Focal Adhesions; Goals; Grant; Health; Histologic; In Vitro; Knock-out; Knockout Mice; Lamins; Marrow; Measures; Mechanics; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Methods; Mus; Nuclear; Obesity; Osteogenesis; Pathway interactions; Phosphotransferases; Physicians; Physiological; Population; Proteins; Regulation; Regulatory Pathway; Resistance; Role; Running; Scientist; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Stem cells; Stress Fibers; Structure; Tamoxifen; Testing; Time; Work; base; beta catenin; bone; bone health; bone strength; feeding; improved; in vivo; innovation; lipid biosynthesis; mouse model; osteogenic; osteoprogenitor cell; prevent; response; sedentary; skeletal; synergism; trafficking

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Exercise builds skeletal strength by inducing new bone formation, which is accompanied by decreased marrow adipose tissue (MAT). A lack of exercise enhances MSC adipogenesis, and increased MAT has been shown to be associated with bone fragility. Understanding mechanisms by which exercise regulates mdMSC lineage allocation to increase osteogenesis and decrease adipogenesis is thus significant for managing skeletal health in an increasingly sedentary population. We have shown that mechanical activation and nuclear trafficking of ßcatenin prevents adipogenesis and promotes MSC entry into osteoprogenitor lineage. ßcatenin signaling is initiated by recruitment of Fyn kinase to foca adhesions during strain, followed by Fyn activation of the mTORC2->Akt->GSK3ß inhibition cascade leading to increased ßcatenin. ßcatenin effects depend on cellular context: in mdMSC, increased cytoskeletal structure improves osteogenesis and cytoskeletal deficiency promotes adipogenesis. The Fyn/mTORC2 proximal signal also activates RhoA to build complexity and connectivity of the cytoskeleton. We propose that mechanically induced cytoskeletal reorganization promotes nuclear entry of ßcatenin, underwriting its anti-adipogenic, pro-osteogenic effect. Importantly, the role of focal adhesion-based Fyn in initiating ßcatenin and RhoA effectors may be unique to the mdMSC, potentially providing a specific pharmacologic target to enhance MSC response to exercise. To test this, we will delineate the synergistic contributions of Fyn/mTORC2's two downstream effectors, RhoA and ßcatenin, to MSC lineage fate allocation in vitro and in vivo. We will find if RhoA generated cytoskeletal reorganization is necessary or sufficient to alter mdMSC cell fate and define how mechanical load activates RhoA (SA1). In SA2, we ask if activation of ßcatenin can alter cell fate in the face of cytoskeletal deficiency, inquiring whether the cytoskeleton drives nuclear/cytoplasmic partitioning of ßcatenin and considering if the actin-nesprin-LINC-nuclear tether might guide ßcatenin into the nucleus. In SA3, using an innovative method to quantify and localize MAT, combined with measures of bone formation, we will investigate mechanical control of mdMSC lineage in vivo, asking if the Fyn/mTORC2 signaling unique to mdMSC is critical during exercise stimulation of bone formation; for this we will generate a Tamoxifen driven Prx1-Cre knock out of Fyn.