Cognitive-Affective Substrates of Smoking: Targets for Maternal Behavior Change

 描述（由申请人提供）：Suena Massey，医学博士是一名获得委员会认证的精神病学家，具有成瘾医学方面的其他资格，他提出了重新提交申请的指导以患者为导向的研究职业发展奖（K23），题为产前吸烟行为改变的心理机制。基于她对怀孕和非怀孕药物滥用者的临床工作，Massey博士旨在为一项独立的研究计划奠定基础，该研究计划对怀孕期间成功戒烟的女性的心理特征进行研究，以确定与戒烟相关的可改变因素，这些因素可以成为未来干预措施的目标。为了实现这一长期目标，在这项K23研究中，她将结合联合收割机分析一个大的表型特征的社区样本中的现存数据与最先进的纵向重复前瞻性测量产前吸烟模式与一个新的试点研究。这一战略最大限度地发挥了K奖研究的影响，同时提供了必要的教学培训和指导经验，在日常进行独立的研究与产前队列。 具体来说，她将研究在怀孕期间戒烟的妇女和不使用产前吸烟过采样的产前队列的妇女之间共情的差异（R 01 DA 023653; PI：L。Wakschlag）。在这些结果的指导下，她将进行一项试点研究，以开发一种多层次的电池来评估怀孕期间的同理心，并为其在未来产前戒烟的大规模研究中的实用性提供初步证据。作为对这些科学目标的补充，培训目标是：（1）在多层次建模、随机效应回归和创建潜变量方面发展复杂的分析技能;（2）在多层次共情测量（包括直接评估）方面获得深入的专业知识;（3）获得干预开发方面的培训。Massey博士的杰出导师团队包括首席导师凯瑟琳维斯纳，医学博士，理学硕士，和共同导师劳伦Wakschlag，博士，和顾问丹尼尔Mroczek，博士（Staecian，人格研究），迈克尔弗莱明，医学博士（干预发展），约旦Grafman，博士（认知神经科学），和威廉Grobman，医学博士（产科）。 如果产前戒烟与假设的移情能力独立相关，则旨在增加怀孕期间移情的干预措施可以显着提高戒烟率并减少产前尼古丁暴露。增强怀孕期间行为改变的独特动机有可能中断破坏性的代际风险传递，同时为母亲带来直接的健康益处。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Suena Massey, MD is a board-certified Psychiatrist with additional qualifications in Addiction Medicine who proposes the resubmission application for the Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23) entitled, Psychological Mechanisms in Prenatal Smoking Behavior Change. Based on her clinical work with pregnant and non-pregnant substance abusers, Dr. Massey aims to build a foundation for an independent program of research on the psychological characterization of women who successfully quit smoking during pregnancy as a basis for identifying modifiable factors linked to cessation that can be targets for future interventions. To accomplish this long term goal, in this K23 study, she will combine analysis of extant data in a large phenotypically characterized community sample with state-of-the-art longitudinal repeated prospective measurement of prenatal smoking patterns with a new pilot study. This strategy maximizes impact of the K-award study while providing necessary didactic training and mentored experience in the day-to-day conduct of independent research with a prenatal cohort. Specifically, she will examine differences in empathy between women who quit smoking during pregnancy and women who do not drawing on a prenatal cohort oversampled for prenatal smoking (R01 DA023653; PI: L. Wakschlag). Guided by these results, she will conduct a pilot study to develop a multi-level battery for assessing empathy in pregnancy and provide preliminary evidence for its utility for use in future large scale studies of prenatal smoking cessation. Complementing these scientific aims, training goals are to: (1) develop sophisticated analytic skills in multi-level modeling, random-effects regression, and creation of latent variables; (2) acquire depth of expertise in multi-level measurement of empathy including direct assessments, and (3) acquire training in intervention development. Dr. Massey's outstanding mentorship team includes Lead Mentor, Katherine Wisner, MD, MS, and Co-Mentor Lauren Wakschlag, PhD, and Advisors Daniel Mroczek, PhD (Statistician, Personality Research), Michael Fleming, MD (Intervention Development), Jordan Grafman, PhD (Cognitive Neuroscience), and William Grobman, MD (Obstetrics). If prenatal smoking cessation is independently related to empathic capacity as hypothesized, interventions aimed at increasing empathy during pregnancy can significantly improve smoking cessation rates and reduce prenatal exposures to nicotine. Enhancing the unique motivation for behavior change during pregnancy holds the potential to interrupt a devastating intergenerational transmission of risk, while yielding immediate health benefits for mothers.